PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea半互穿高吸水树脂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea Semi-interpenetrating Superabsorbent Resin

作　　者：徐桂明 朱丽珺[1] 张金池 姜姜 武志鹏 XU Gui-ming;ZHU Li-jun;ZHANG Jin-chi;JIANG Jiang;WU Zhi-peng(College of Science,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学理学院,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《精细化工》2019年第11期2185-2192,2206,共9页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0505502）;国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201104055）;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（PAPD)

摘　　要：以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、尿素(Urea)为原料,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法合成了具有尿素缓释功能的PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea复合高吸水树脂。通过FTIR、TG、DSC、SEM对树脂的结构进行了表征,并从吸水倍率、吸水速率、尿素释放率等方面对树脂进行了性能测定。通过单因素实验探讨了PVA用量、AM用量、KPS用量、MBA用量、尿素用量、AA中和度对树脂吸水倍率的影响。结果表明:在最佳工艺条件(AA 10.0 g,以AA质量为基准加入10%AM、15%PVA、0.4%KPS、0.05%MBA,尿素10.0 g,AA中和度为70%)下,合成的吸水树脂吸水倍率可达到505 g/g,吸盐水倍率可达到88 g/g;此条件下合成的高吸水树脂初始吸水速率可达86.58g·min/g;将树脂在湿度10%、温度25和40℃的烘箱中静置4h,释水率分别为40.9%和68.0%;树脂中的尿素在蒸馏水中可持续缓释13 d左右,弱酸性和中性环境有利于尿素持续释放。A PVA/P(AA-AM)/Urea composite superabsorbent resin with urea sustained-release function was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA), acrylic acid(AA), acrylamide(AA) and urea as raw materials, potassium persulfate(KPS) as initiator, and N, N’-methylene diacrylamide(MBA) as crosslinking agent. The resultant resin was characterized by FTIR, TG, DSC and SEM. Its properties such as water absorbency, water absorption rate and urea release were measured. The effects of PVA dosage, AM dosage, urea dosage, KPS dosage, MBA dosage and AA neutralization degree on the water absorption of the resin were studied through single-factor experimental design. The results showed that the optimum condition was obtained as follows: AA dosage was 10.0 g, AM, PVA, KPS and MBA dosages were 10%, 15%, 0.4% and 0.05% of AA mass, urea mass was 10.0 g, and neutralization degree of AA was 70%. The maximum water absorbency was 505 g/g in distilled water and 88 g/g in salt aqueous solution. The initial water absorption rate of the synthetic superabsorbent resin was 86.58 g·min/g. After the resin was placed under the condition of humidity of 10% and temperature of 25 ℃ and 40 ℃ for 4 h, its corresponding water release ratio was 40.9% and 68.0%, respectively. Urea in the resin could be sustainably released for 13 d in distilled water, and the weak acidity and neutral environment were conducive to the sustained release of urea.

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇 半互穿 高吸水树脂 尿素 缓释 功能材料 

分 类 号：TQ325.7[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]