2剂水痘疫苗接种程序对浙江省台州市水痘流行特征的影响  

Influence of two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine on epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Taizhou

作　　者：胡雅飞[1] 林海江[1] 李未[1] Hu Yafei;Lin Haijiang;Li Wei(Taizhou Prefectural Center Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《疾病监测》2019年第10期916-919,共4页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：台州市科技局第二批市级科技计划(No.162yw07)~~

摘　　要：目的了解2剂水痘疫苗接种程序实施后,台州市水痘流行特征变化情况。方法收集2011-2017年2剂水痘疫苗接种程序实施前后,台州市水痘发病情况,采用描述性流行病学方法分析水痘流行病学特征。结果 2011-2017年台州市共报告水痘病例16 895例,年平均报告发病率为40.02/10万,发病率最高为2015年(55.81/10万),最低为2011年(26.24/10万),2011-2015年水痘报告发病率呈上升趋势,2剂水痘疫苗接种程序实施后,2016-2017年水痘发病率有所下降。年平均报告发病率最高的是天台县(103.77/10万),最低的是玉环县(17.46/10万)。2剂水痘疫苗接种程序实施后,台州市水痘疫苗年均接种量有所上升,水痘发病性别比、季节趋势、发病率年龄组分布无明显变化;但0~9岁人群水痘发病率明显下降,≥10岁人群发病所占比例明显上升。结论 2剂水痘疫苗接种程序实施后台州市水痘发病上升趋势缓解,接种人群发病率有所下降,≥10岁非接种人群发病所占比例升高,继续实施2剂水痘疫苗接种策略非常必要。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Taizhou after the implementation of two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine. Methods The incidence data of varicella in Taizhou from 2011 to 2017 were collected, the epidemiological characteristics of varicella cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 16 895 cases of varicella were reported in Taizhou from 2011 to 2017 with an average annual reported incidence of40.02/100 000. The highest incidence was 55.81/100 000 in 2015 and the lowest was 26.24/100 000 in 2011. The incidence of varicella increased from 2011 to 2015, and decreased during 2016–2017 after the implementation of two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine. The highest annual reported incidence was 103.77/100 000 in Tiantai county and the lowest was17.46/100 000 in Yuhuan county. After the implementation of two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine, the vaccination rate increased, and there were no obvious changes in the sex ratio, seasonal distribution and age distribution of varicella cases. The incidence rate of increased in age group over 10 years and decreased in age group 0–9 years. Conclusion The rising trend of varicella incidence in Taizhou was eased and the incidence in vaccinated population decreased after the implementation of two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine, but the proportion of varicella cases in non-vaccinated population aged ≥10 years increased. It is necessary to continue the two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine.

关 键 词：水痘 水痘–带状疱疹病毒 疫苗 发病率 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]