2018年我国审定的水稻品种基本特性分析  

Analysis on Characteristics of Rice Varieties Registered in China in 2018

作　　者：林海[1] 王志刚[1] 鄂志国[1] 李红英[1] 庞乾林[1] LIN Hai;WANG Zhigang;E Zhiguo;LI Hongying;PANG Qianlin(China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所

出　　处：《中国稻米》2019年第6期65-71,共7页China Rice

基　　金：中央级公益性行业科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2017 RG007-3)

摘　　要：小结分析了2018年我国通过省级以上审定的水稻品种的基本特性。2018年我国通过省级以上审定的水稻品种共1004个次,其中,籼型常规稻76个、籼型两系杂交稻279个、籼型三系杂交稻383个、粳型常规稻210个、粳型杂交稻21个、籼粳交杂交稻12个、不育系23个;从品种选育主体看,企业参与选育的品种高达79.10%;2018年籼型常规稻、籼型三系杂交稻、籼型两系杂交稻、粳型常规稻和粳型杂交稻平均区试单产分别为493.06、578.90、595.94、630.68和661.15 kg/667 m^2;2018年通过审定水稻品种的优质达标率为65.04%,其中,籼稻为46.75%、粳稻为79.42%、杂交稻为47.19%、常规稻为73.43%;广东和辽宁具有较优异的稻瘟病抗性资源,云南、福建、广东和江苏有较好的白叶枯病抗性资源,安徽、山东具有较好的条纹叶枯病抗性资源,安徽和云南具有较好的稻曲病抗性资源,云南选育的品种对纹枯病抗性较好。1004 rice varieties,including 383 three lines indica hybrid rice,279 two lines indica hybrid rice,76 conventional indica rice,210 conventional japonica rice,21 japonica hybrid rice,12 indica-japonica hybrid rice,23 sterile lines,were registered by Crop Variety Approval Committee in China in 2018.From the main body of variety breeding,79.10%of the approved varieties by enterprises in 2018.Average yield of conventional indica rice,three lines indica hybrid rice,two lines indica hybrid rice,conventional japonica rice and japonica hybrid rice were 493.06,578.90,595.94,630.68 and 661.15 kg/667 m^2,respectively.In 2018,the quality compliance rate of rice varieties was 65.04%,among them,the quality compliance rate of indica rice varieties was 46.75%,japonica rice was 79.42%,hybrid rice was 47.19% and conventional rice was 73.43%.There are few varieties with outstanding comprehensive resistance,but some excellent resistant germplasm resources exist in some provinces.Guangdong and Liaoning have excellent germplasm resources resistant to rice blast;Yunnan,Fujian,Guangdong and Jiangsu have excellent germplasm resources resistant to white leaf blight;Anhui and Shandong have excellent germplasm resources resistant to stripe leaf spot;Anhui and Yunnan have excellent germplasm resources resistant to false smut;the varieties bred in Yunnan have better resistance to sheath blight.

关 键 词：水稻 审定品种 产量 品质 抗性 

分 类 号：S511.3[农业科学—作物学]