丙烯酸酯型可聚合表面活性剂在苯丙乳液制备中的应用  

Application of acrylate polymerizable surfactant in the preparation of styrene-acrylic emulsion

作　　者：赵子健 李沅 赵恒 刘兆丽 ZHAO Zijian;LI Yuan;ZHAO Heng;LIU Zhaoli(School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学轻工与化学工程学院

出　　处：《大连工业大学学报》2019年第6期417-421,共5页Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University

基　　金：大连市支持高层次人才创新创业项目(2017RQ30)

摘　　要：用甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(DM)分别与溴代十二烷(DB)、溴代十四烷(MB)、溴代十八烷(SB)反应得到甲基丙烯酰氧乙基十二烷基二甲基溴化铵(DMDB)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基十四烷基二甲基溴化铵(DMMB)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基十八烷基二甲基溴化铵(DMSB) 3种碳数不同的可聚合表面活性剂,再以苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯为主单体,丙烯酸为功能性单体,DMDB、DMMB、DMSB为乳化剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用单体预乳化、半连续种子乳液聚合工艺,制备了性能优异的苯丙乳液。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、透射电镜等对产物进行了表征,并对粒径、乳胶膜吸水率等进行了研究。响应面试验确定了较佳反应条件:引发剂KPS质量分数0.47%,聚合温度83℃,乳化剂质量分数1.38%;在该条件下最大转化率为95%。粒径由小到大依次为DMDB、DMMB、DMSB,转化率由低到高为DMDB、DMMB、DMSB,吸水率由高到低为DMDB、DMMB、DMSB。Dimethyl amine ethyl methacrylate(DM) was reacted with bromine generation dodecane(DB), bromine tetradecane(MB), and bromine and octadecane(SB), respectively and three types of polymeric surfactants with different carbons, including methyl acryloyl oxyethyl dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide(DMDB), methyl acryloyl oxyethyl tetradecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide(DMMB), and methyl acryloyl oxyethyl octadecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide(DMSB), were obtained. Styrene-propyl emulsions with excellent performance were prepared using styrene and butyl acrylate as the main monomers, acrylic acid as functional monomer, DMDB, DMMB and DMSB as emulsifiers, and ammonium persulphate as initiators using pre-emulsification of monomer and semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization methods. The obtained samples were characterized by FT-IR and TEM techniques, and their particle sizes and the absorption rates to water were also studied. Response surface experiments were used to obtain the optimum reaction conditions, which were listed as the follows: 0.47% mass fraction of KPS, 83 ℃ initiating temperature, 1.38% mass fraction of emulsifier. Under these conditions, the highest conversion rate was 95%. The particle sizes and conversion rates were with the ascending order of DMDB, DMMB and DMSB, while the absorption rates to water were with the descending order of DMDB, DMMB and DMSB.

关 键 词：可聚合表面活性剂 苯丙乳液 响应面法 

分 类 号：TQ317.4[化学工程—高聚物工业]