聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯改性海藻酸盐纤维的结构与性能  

Structure and performance of polyethylene glycol diacrylate-modified alginate fiber

作　　者：李会涛 张鸿 陈涛 曹仕文 孟驰涵 LI Huitao;ZHANG Hong;CHEN Tao;CAO Shiwen;MENG Chihan(School of Textile and Material Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China;Liaoning Research Center of Functional Fiber and Composite Materials Engineering,Dalian 116034,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,辽宁大连116034 [2]辽宁省功能纤维及复合材料工程研究中心,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《大连工业大学学报》2019年第6期442-447,共6页Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University

基　　金：辽宁省高等学校产业技术研究院项目(2018LY010)

摘　　要：为提高海藻酸钠(SA)纤维的强度,以SA为第1组分,聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)为第2组分,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,水为溶剂,采用"一锅法"经自由基聚合反应制得具有半互穿网络结构的纺丝液;以氯化钙水溶液为凝固浴,采用湿法纺丝工艺制备得到具有PEGDA化学交联和SA离子交联双网络互锁结构的SA/PEGDA复合纤维。采用数显黏度计、电子单纤强力仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜等对纺丝溶液的流动性能和改性纤维的化学结构、力学性能、结晶性能及表面形貌等进行表征。结果表明,随着柔性大分子链PEGDA的引入,纺丝液表观黏度大幅降低,当PEGDA质量分数为15%,表观黏度由纯SA溶液的7.53 Pa·s降至1.00 Pa·s;1倍牵伸下,PEGDA质量分数为10%时,SA/PEGDA复合纤维断裂强度达到最大值2.64 cN/dtex,相比于纯SA纤维提高了21.1%;SA/PEGDA复合纤维内部分子链主要以非晶聚集态形式存在,随着PEGDA含量的增加,纤维内部微晶区的比例增大;PEGDA的引入使SA/PEGDA复合纤维表面沟槽宽度略有降低,表面原纤化结构减少,表面变得更为致密光滑。In order to enhance the strength of alginate fiber(SA), the spinning dope with semi-interpenetrating network was prepared by one-pot free-radical polymerization using SA and polyethylene glycol diacrylate(PEGDA) as the first and second components, N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide(MBA) as the crosslinking agent and deionized water as the solvent. Then SA/PEGDA composite fiber with ionic crosslinked SA network and covalent crosslinked PEGDA interlocked network was prepared using calcium chloride aqueous solution as the coagulating bath via the process of wet spinning. The flowing property of the spinning dope and the chemical structures as well as properties of SA/PEGDA fibers, including the mechanical strength, the crystallization property, the surface appearances, were characterized by techniques of digital viscometer, single fiber electronic tensile strength tester, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the apparent viscosity of the spinning dope sharply dropped from 7.53 to 1.00 Pa·s after addition of 15%(mass fraction) PEGDA under the conditions of one draw ratio and addition of 10%(mass fraction) PEGDA, the breaking strength of prepared SA/PEGDA composite fiber was highest(2.64 cN/dtex), which increased by 21.1% compared to that of SA fiber. The mainly aggregation form of molecular chains in SA/PEGDA composite fibers was amorphous with a little of crystalline form distributed in the amorphous area. In addition, the proportion of the microcrystalline region in SA/PEGDA composite fiber increased with increasing of the PEGDA mass fraction. After addition of PEGDA, the surface morphology of the SA/PEGDA composite fiber became much denser and smoother with a smaller amount of fibrillar structure.

关 键 词：海藻酸钠 聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯 双网络结构 湿法纺丝 

分 类 号：TQ342.94[化学工程—化纤工业]