机械合金化制备Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末的组织演变及磁性能研究  

Microstructure evolution and magnetic properties of Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powders prepared by mechanical alloying

作　　者：叶坤煌[1] 张云鹏[1] YE Kunhuang;ZHANG Yunpeng(College of Optoelectronic and Electromechanical Engineering,Minnan Institute of Technology,Shishi 362700,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南理工学院光电与机电工程学院

出　　处：《功能材料》2019年第11期11089-11094,共6页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2017ZX04022001-207);福建省教育厅基金科技资助项目(JB13219)

摘　　要：通过机械合金化的方法利用行星式高能球磨机,成功制备了具有优异软磁性能的Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末,并使用具有最佳软磁性能的粉末制备了软磁复合材料。研究了研磨时间对Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末微观结构及磁性能的影响,得出最佳研磨时间为50 h。进一步研究了涂有酚醛树脂的Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末的制备工艺及其组织演变与磁性能特征。通过XRD、SEM、振动样品磁强计、LCR仪等手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明,随着研磨时间的增加,Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末的相组成发生了由马氏体bcc结构向奥氏体fcc结构的转变,且随着研磨时间的延长,逆转变现象更加明显;当研磨时间为50 h时,Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末平均粒径稳定在10μm左右,并表现出最高的磁化强度和最低的矫顽力,软磁性能达到最优,而铁磁马氏体相向弱磁奥氏体相的转变是造成磁性能差异的主要原因;与纯Fe基复合材料相比,基于Fe65Ni35纳米晶复合粉末的软磁复合材料,具有更高的电阻率和磁导率,同时表现出更高的弛豫频率和更低的涡流损耗因子。Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powders with excellent soft magnetic properties were successfully prepared by mechanical alloying using planetary high-energy ball mill, and soft magnetic composites were prepared by using powders with the best soft magnetic properties. The effect of grinding time on the microstructures and magnetic properties of Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powders was studied. The optimum grinding time was found to be 50 h. The preparation process, microstructure evolution and magnetic properties of Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powders coated with phenolic resin were further studied. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, vibration sample magnetometer and LCR. The results showed that the phase composition of Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powder changed from martensitic bcc structure to austenitic fcc structure with the increase of grinding time, and the reverse transformation was more obvious with the increase of grinding time. When the grinding time was 50 h, the average particle size of Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powder was stable at about 10 μm, showing the highest magnetization and the lowest coercivity, and the soft magnetic properties were optimal. The transformation of ferromagnetic martensite phase to weak magnetic austenite phase was the main reason for the difference of magnetic properties. Compared with pure Fe matrix composites, soft magnetic composites based on Fe65Ni35 nanocrystalline composite powder had higher resistivity, permeability and relaxation frequency and lower eddy current loss factor.

关 键 词：机械合金化 FE-NI合金 纳米晶 马氏体相变 马氏体逆转变 

分 类 号：TG132.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]