冷冻保护剂对家畜精液冷冻保存的研究进展  

Research progress in cryoprotectant of livestock semen cryopreservation

作　　者：张美娜 郭富强 宋国欣[1,2,3,4] 张俊杰 李学武 王志英[1,2,3,4] 王瑞军 张家新[1,2,3,4] 李金泉 何利兵[5] ZHANG Meina;GUO Fuqiang;SONG Guoxin;ZHANG Junjie;LI Xuewu;WANG Zhiying;WANG Ruijun;ZHANG Jiaxin;LI Jinquan;HE Libing(College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Hohhot 010018,China;Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rvral Affairs,Hohhot 010018,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010018,China;Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Jinlai Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]农业农村部肉羊遗传育种重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [4]内蒙古自治区山羊遗传育种工程技术研究中心,呼和浩特010018 [5]内蒙古金莱牧业科技有限责任公司,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2019年第21期37-41,45,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系项目(CARS-39-06);内蒙古自治区科技计划重点项目;内蒙古农业大学科技成果转化专项资金动植物品种选育(培育)项目

摘　　要：家畜精液冷冻保存可以实现在不同时间、不同地点的人工授精,能有效提高优良种公畜的利用率,扩大其基因传播范围,同时也是家畜遗传资源易位保存的主要方法之一。在精液冷冻保存过程中,选择合适的稀释液成分对解冻后精子品质的影响十分重要。精子对低温非常敏感,在稀释液中加入冷冻保护剂可有效提升精子解冻后活力。文章综述了近几年渗透性冷冻保护剂(甘油、乙二醇、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜)和非渗透性冷冻保护剂(卵黄、大豆卵磷脂、蔗糖、脱脂乳)在猪、牛、羊、鸡、兔以及骆驼上的应用与研究,旨在为进一步深入研究家畜精子冻融损伤机制提供理论依据。The cryopreservation of livestock semen can achieve artificial insemination at different times and different locations,which can effectively improve the utilization rate of good breed male animals and expand the range of gene transmission.It is also one of the main methods for the translocation preservation of livestock genetic resources.During the frozen preservation of semen,it is very important to select the appropriate diluent to affect the sperm quality after thawing.Spermatozoa are sensitive to low temperature.Adding frozen preservation in diluent can effectively improve sperm motility after thawing.The application of osmotic frozen preservation(glycerol,ethylene glycol,dimethylformamide,dimethylacetamide,dimethylsulfoxide)and impermeable frozen preservation(egg yolk,soybean lecithin,sucrose,skim milk)in pigs,cattle,sheep,chickens,rabbits and camels was reviewed in recent years.The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the mechanism of spermatozoa freeze-thaw injury in livestock.

关 键 词：家畜 精液 冷冻保存 渗透性冷冻保护剂 非渗透性冷冻保护剂 

分 类 号：S814.3[农业科学—畜牧学]