大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌混合感染引起的水貂出血性肺炎的鉴定  

Identification of mink hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by mixed infection of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas

作　　者：张海威 王晓旭[2] 周玉成 乔连江 周曼莉 杨艳玲 张加力[1] ZHANG Haiwei;WANG Xiaoxu;ZHOU Yucheng;QIAO Lianjiang;ZHOU Manli;YANG Yanling;ZHANG Jiali(Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Key Laboratory of Special Animal Epidemic Disease,Ministry of Agricultural,Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,长春130118 [2]中国农业科学院特产研究所农业部经济动物疫病重点实验室,长春130112

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2019年第21期81-86,178,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500907)

摘　　要：为了鉴定引起水貂发生出血性肺炎的病原体,试验采用病原分离鉴定、分离株16S rRNA扩增与序列分析、分离株对小鼠致病力试验、分离株血清分型鉴定、大肠杆菌H基因型鉴定、分离株药敏试验和分离株动物感染试验对来自山东省、辽宁省、河北省和黑龙江省的28份具有典型出血性肺炎症状死亡水貂的病料进行鉴定。结果表明:混合感染12例,单一病原菌感染16例,镜检可见短小的阴性杆菌和两端钝圆的阴性长杆菌;16S rRNA扩增与序列分析共分离出22株绿脓杆菌和18株大肠杆菌,其中有4株对小鼠致死率达到50%以上,9株对小鼠致死率在10%~40%;从22株绿脓杆菌中共分离出8株G型、7株E型和7株D型,未检测出大肠杆菌血清型,大肠杆菌H基因型为H11;绿脓杆菌分离株对环丙沙星、妥布霉素、阿米卡星等6种药物敏感,大肠杆菌分离株对环丙沙星、妥布霉素、阿米卡星等10种药物均耐药;大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌分离株均可导致水貂死亡并造成肺泡壁毛细血管瘀血、脾脏淋巴细胞数量减少、肺脏上皮细胞坏死、红髓内巨噬细胞数量增多等明显病理变化。说明目前引起水貂出血性肺炎的病原体已由传统的绿脓杆菌单一感染逐渐转变为大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的混合感染。In order to isolate and identify the pathogen which lead to mink hemorrhagic pneumonia in our country.Pathogen isolation and identification,amplification and sequence analysis of isolates 16S rRNA,pathogenicity test of isolates in mice,serotype identification of isolates,identification of Escherichia coli H genotype,drug sensitivity test of isolates and animal infection test of isolates were used to identify 28 dead minks with typical symptom of hemorrhagic pneumoniafrom Shandong,Liaoning,Hebei and Heilongjiang provinces.The results showed that there were 12 cases of mixed infection and 16 cases of single pathogen infection.Microscopic examination revealed short negative bacilli and blunt round negative long bacilli at both ends;22 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 18 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated by 16S rRNA amplification and sequence analysis,of which 4 strains were lethal to mice more than 50%and 9 strains were lethal to mice in the range of 10%-40%;8 strains of G type,7 strains of E type and 7 strains of D type were isolated from 22 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.No serotype of Escherichia coli was detected,and H genotype of Escherichia coli was H11.Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to six drugs such as ciprofloxacin,tobramycin and amikacin and so on.Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to 10 drugs such as ciprofloxacin,tobramycin and amikacin and so on.Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates resulted in mink death and and other obvious pathological changes,such as alveolar wall capillary congestion,splenic lymphocyte reduction,pulmonary epithelial cell necrosis and erythroid marrow macrophages.It indicated that the pathogen causing mink hemorrhagic pneumonia had gradually changed from traditional single infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to mixed infection of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

关 键 词：水貂出血性肺炎 绿脓杆菌 大肠杆菌 细菌分离鉴定 血清分型 药敏试验 致病力试验 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学] S858.92[农业科学—兽医学]