从地质学的角度探究“蓟丘”与“前期蓟城”今之所在  

A study of the location of Ji Hillock and Ji City of early stage from the geological perspective

作　　者：刘元章[1] 李文贤[2] 王树芳[1] 周涛[1] 康晓军 王丽亚[1] Liu Yuanzhang;Li Wenxian;Wang Shufang;Zhou Tao;Kang Xiaojun;Wang Liya(Beijing Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,Beijing 100195;Beijing Institute of Geological&Prospecting Engineering,Beijing 100083;Beijing Ming Dynasty Tombs Reservoir Management Department,Beijing 102200)

机构地区：[1]北京市水文地质工程地质大队,北京100195 [2]北京市地质工程勘察院,北京100083 [3]北京市十三陵水库管理处,北京102200

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2019年第6期1532-1538,共7页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质科学院基本科研业务项目(批准号:JYYWF20182004);北京市科技计划项目(批准号:Z141100003614060);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41831283)共同资助。

摘　　要：以往的研究表明,作为北京建城之始的蓟城,可能存在一前期蓟城,现今白云观附近已发掘出的蓟城为后期蓟城。本文依据大量钻孔及地铁施工的地层资料,发现在莲花桥地铁站以北区域2 m地下存在一凸起基岩小丘,高出古氵纍水河的一级阶地面约8 m,南北长365 m。依据地质、地貌、水文等方面的综合分析,结合《水经注》等古文献的相关记载,推测此丘可能就是"蓟丘",前期蓟城即位于其南面的今莲花池湖一带。根据沉积地层及水文地质学方面的分析,认为导致其迁城的原因是洪水泛滥引起下游地面淤积抬高,地下水在此开始出露,本区开始出现沼泽化,遂于公元300年前后迁城。这一带最终出现莲花池湖,逐步将前期蓟城埋于今湖面以下约3 m深度。根据古文献中相关的方位描述,对城墙的位置进行了大致推测。The earliest city appeared in today's Beijing urban area is Ji,also known as Jiqiu,because there is a hillock named Jiqiu near it,and the city was named from the hillock.Previous archaeological excavation found an ancient city near the Baiyunguan Temple,but it proved to be the Ji City only after the Han Dynasty.Where the original Ji City site is,it has not been discovered.As a result of the subsequent environmental changes,the sedimentation has caused a general 5~10 m rise for the ground surface,and later there appeared many tall buildings,which made it even difficult to be found.Based on the stratigraphic data of subway construction and large amount of boreholes,the paper tries to find the old city according to the hillock.It finds that there exists a rock hillock in the north area of the Lianhuaqiao subway station,and the length of north and south is about 365 m.Then it is inferred that the early Ji City was located in the area of Lianhuachi Lake in front of the hillock.The location relationship between this area and the ancient rivers is very consistent with the description in the ancient literatures.According to the analysis of sedimentary strata and hydrogeology,it believes that the reason caused moving of the city is that groundwater rose and marshland began to occur in this area,and then the city moved in the year around 300 A.D.

关 键 词：蓟丘 前期蓟城 燕都 水经注 莲花池 

分 类 号：K928.6[历史地理—人文地理学]