我国城市污泥土地利用瓶颈问题分析与对策研究  

Analysis and Countermeasures Research on Bottleneck Problem of Municipal Sludge Land Application in China

作　　者：黄岚 封莉[1] 杜子文 房思艺 张立秋[1] HUANG Lan;FENG Li;DU Zi-wen;FANG Si-yi;ZHANG Li-qiu(College of Environmental Science&Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2019年第20期31-36,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07301007)

摘　　要：我国城市污泥产量大、环境风险高,其最终处置已成为污水处理行业的瓶颈问题。土地利用是解决污泥出路的有效途径,但在我国尚无法大范围推广应用。采取资料调查法,从国务院、生态环境部、住房和城乡建设部、财政部、国家发展和改革委员会官方网站中检索出1984年-2017年间发布的63份污泥处理处置相关文件,并将其分为政策指引型、标准及技术规范型、财政扶持型三类,拟从国家政策层面研究分析限制污泥土地利用的深层次原因,进而提出相应的解决对策。研究发现,缺乏完整的工程应用技术规范和技术指南、缺乏科学的污泥土地利用环境生态风险评价体系和管理体系、缺乏健全的产业发展经济政策是制约我国污泥土地利用的瓶颈问题。因此,建议尽快制定污泥土地利用的相关技术规范和技术指南,建立完善的环境生态风险评价体系和多部门相协调的管理体系,构建包含投资融资机制、税收政策、价格补贴机制在内的污泥土地利用产业经济保障体系,以推动污泥土地利用产业快速发展。Due to large output and high environmental risks of municipal sludge,the final disposal of municipal sludge in China has become a serious challenge for wastewater treatment industry.Land application is an effective way for sludge disposal.However,it has not been widely used in China?In this paper,63 documents related to sludge treatment or disposal published between 1984 and 2017 were searched from the official website of State Council,Ministry of Ecological Environment,Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development,Ministry of Finance,and National Development and Reform Commission.In order to analyze the key reasons of limiting land application of sludge and give the corresponding countermeasures,the 63 documents were divided into three categories:policy guidelines,standards and technology,and financial support.The results revealed that there were some bottleneck questions restricting sludge land use in China,which included the lack of complete technical specifications and technical guidelines for engineering application,and a scientific environmental ecological risk assessment system and management system,industrial development economic policy.Therefore,in order to promote the rapid development of industry for land application of sludge,it was suggested that the relevant technical specifications and technical guidelines of sludge land application should be formulated as soon as possible;a perfect ecological environment risk assessment system and multi-sectoral coordination management system should be established;and the economic security policy system including investment and financing,tax policies,and the price subsides should be set up.

关 键 词：污泥处理处置 规范性文件 污泥土地利用 污水处理行业 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]