基层医务人员流感疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗接种相关知信行调查  

Knowledge,attitude and practice of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine among primary healthcare workers

作　　者：甘正凯 沈月根[1] 王慎玉 顾谢君[1] 周建红[1] GAN Zheng-kai;SHEN Yue-gen;WANG Shen-yu;GU Xie-jun;ZHOU Jian-hong(Xiuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 31400,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市秀洲区疾病预防控制中心,浙江嘉兴310043 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学》2019年第12期1220-1224,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：2018年秀洲区科技计划项目（2018C001）

摘　　要：目的了解嘉兴市秀洲区基层医务人员流感疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗接种相关的知信行水平,为开展流感疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗接种工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2018年11月—2019年1月选取秀洲区8家社区卫生服务中心(卫生院)医务人员为研究对象,采用自行设计的问卷对基层医务人员流感疫苗和23价肺炎疫苗相关知识和接种情况进行调查,采用Logistic回归模型分析基层医务人员接种或推荐疫苗行为的影响因素。结果共发放问卷110份,有效105份,问卷有效率为95.45%。基层医务人员认为流感疫苗、23价肺炎疫苗有效的分别为86人和76人,分别占81.90%和72.38%;认为疫苗安全的分别为87人和88人,分别占82.85%和83.81%;知晓疫苗接种程序的分别为82人和58人,分别占78.10%和55.24%,能够正确回答疫苗重点推荐人群的分别为58人和34人,分别占55.24%和32.38%,77名医务人员知晓疫苗费用可使用医保支付,占73.33%。医务人员流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗接种率为27.62%,疫苗推荐率为46.67%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=7.250,95%CI:1.388~37.883)、认为流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗有效(OR=4.390,95%CI:1.167~16.515)、认为流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗安全(OR=11.977,95%CI:2.417~59.343)、知晓疫苗费用支付方式(OR=11.945,95%CI:2.924~48.793)均能促进基层医务人员接种流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗;公共卫生专业(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.338~5.214)、认为流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗有效(OR=6.944,95%CI:1.655~29.134)、知晓流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗重点推荐人群(OR=4.380,95%CI:1.125~17.053)和接种过流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗(OR=7.902,95%CI:1.693~36.877)均能促进基层医务人员推荐流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗。结论秀洲区基层医务人员流感疫苗或(和)23价肺炎疫苗的认知不全面,对这两种疫苗的接种率和接种推荐率较低,分别为27.62%和46.67%�Objective To learn the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of primary healthcare workers on influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine in Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing,and to provide basis for vaccination of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine.Methods From November 2018 to January 2019,the primary healthcare workers from eight community health service centers in Xiuzhou District were selected by multi-staged random sampling method.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the KAP of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine among primary healthcare workers.Logistic regression analysis was employed to select the influencing factors for vaccination and recommendation behaviors of primary healthcare workers.Results Totally 105 healthcare workers(95.45%)completed the survey.Among them,86(81.90%)and 76(72.38%)workers believed influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccine effective;87(82.85%)and 88(83.81%)workers believed the two vaccines safe;82(78.10%)and 58(55.24%)workers knew the vaccination procedures;58(55.24%)and 34(32.38%)workers knew the key recommended population of vaccines;77(73.33%)workers knew that the vaccine costs could be paid by medical insurance.The vaccination rate of influenza or(and)pneumococcal vaccine among the respondents was 27.62%,and the recommendation rate was 46.67%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that healthcare workers who were female(OR=7.250,95%CI:1.388-37.883),believed the two vaccines effective(OR=4.390,95%CI:1.167-16.515),believed the two vaccines safe(OR=11.977,95%CI:2.417-59.343)and knew the payment method of vaccine cost(OR=11.945,95%CI:2.924-48.793)were more likely to vaccinate;healthcare workers who majored in public health(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.338-5.214),believed the two vaccines effective(OR=6.944,95%CI:1.655-29.134),knew the key recommended population of vaccines(OR=4.380,95%CI:1.125-17.053),had vaccinated the two vaccines(OR=7.902,95%CI:1.693-36.877)were more likely to recommend.Conclusion Primary health

关 键 词：流感疫苗 23价肺炎疫苗 基层医务人员 知信行 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]