社会资本与大学教师学术创新能力研究  

Research on Social Capital and Faculty Academic Innovation

作　　者：梁文艳[1] 周晔馨[2] 于洪霞[3] LIANG Wenyan;ZHOU Yexin;YU Hongxia(Faculty of Education,Capital Institute for Economics of Education,Beijing Normal University;Center for Innovation and Development Studies,Beijing Normal University;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部教育经济研究所、首都教育经济研究院,100875 [2]北京师范大学创新发展研究中心(珠海校区)、经济与资源管理研究院,519087 [3]北京师范大学教育学部教育管理学院

出　　处：《经济研究》2019年第11期133-148,共16页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71203015);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71874015);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71773010);教育部哲学社会重大课题攻关项目(15JZD040)的共同资助

摘　　要：本文考察了高校近亲繁殖所构建的强关系社会资本对大学教师学术创新能力的影响,并探讨了其背后的内在机制。研究发现:博士研究生毕业留校任教对近亲教师学术产出的质量产生了显著的负向影响;机构近亲繁殖率与机构层面的中文学术产出质量呈“倒U型”曲线关系,并且对近亲教师个体的学术产出质量产生显著的负向影响;近亲教师学术社会关系网络较为单一,而后者对学术创新能力尤其是学术产出质量的提升作用显著,这造成近亲教师学术产出的质量显著低于非近亲教师。本文为“双一流”大学建设背景下高校学术创新和大学治理提供了实证依据。"Academic inbreeding" refers to a recruitment practice in which universities hire their own graduates as faculty, producing a type of social capital based on "strong ties". This paper examines the relationship between inbreeding and faculty academic innovation, providing key insights into the "double-edged’ features of social capital. In the context of constructing world-class universities and first-class disciplines(also known as the "Double First-Class" initiative), counter-inbreeding seems to be a common practice among Chinese research universities. However, this practice remains controversial. The literature suggests that inbreeding can restrict the academic freedom and independence of faculty due to excessive informal control from institutions, because of their relatively simple academic experience. In addition, a higher institutional rate of inbreeding may exclude non-inbred faculty. Overall, inbreeding is perceived as detrimental to individual and institutional innovation capacity. In such circumstances, inbreeding reveals the dark side of social capital. On the other hand, the literature finds that in an academic job market filled with asymmetric information, it is still reasonable for universities to hire their own graduates, because this practice can strengthen institutional academic cultures and ensure organizational stability. In addition, for inbred scholars, staying in their graduating university can reduce their costs of adaptation, especially in the initial stage of work. In this context, inbreeding shows the positive side of social capital.In the literature on the relationship between inbreeding and faculty academic innovation in Chinese research universities, there is a lack of empirical research exploring the causal effect of this relationship and flaws in the stability and accuracy of its measurements. For instance, what is the effect of inbreeding on the academic innovation of individuals? How does the level of institutional inbreeding affect individual and institutional academic innovation

关 键 词：社会资本 近亲繁殖 学术创新 大学治理 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]