公交车和长途客车司机对职业病相关知识认知状况分析  

Cognitive status of occupational disease-related knowledge among bus and long-distance bus drivers

作　　者：李茂婷 舒哲敏 李丹阳 陈嘉荣 汤艳 LI Mao-ting;SHU Zhe-min;LI Dan-yang;CHEN Jia-rong;TANG Yan(Southwest Medical University,School of Public Health,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2019年第9期768-772,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家级大学生创新项目(201510632018)

摘　　要：【目的】了解公交车和长途客车司机对职业病相关知识的认知情况,并分析其影响因素,为保护劳动者健康,提高其对职业病相关知识的认知并提出相应改进措施。【方法】采用便利抽样方法抽取228名公交车和长途客车司机为研究对象,对其职业病的诊断程序、法定职业病赔偿制度等相关知识进行问卷调查。【结果】公交车和长途客车司机对职业病相关知识知晓率为73.79%,其中对法定职业病赔偿制度知晓最高为86.40%、其次是职业病诊断过程为75.88%、工作岗位出现的职业病知晓最低为65.79%(P<0.05)。该群体获取职业病相关知识的渠道主要为各类媒体宣传(64.91%)、公司培训学习(57.89%)、专业机构宣传(46.93%)、亲戚同事朋友交流(34.21%)。单因素分析结果显示:该群体对职业病相关知识知晓率随文化程度、工龄的增加而增加(P<0.05);购买工伤保险者的知晓率高于未购买工伤保险者(χ~2=6.565;P=0.010)。多因素二分类Logistic回归分析结果:工龄、文化程度、购买工伤保险与公交车和长途客车司机的职业病相关知识知晓率有关。其中工龄为21年~组的职业病相关知识知晓率是0年~组的5.539倍(OR=5.539,95%CI:1.912~16.051);文化程度为高中、中专及大专组的职业病相关知识认知是小学组的7.720倍(OR=7.720,95%CI:1.799~33.121);购买工伤保险组的职业病病相关知识认知是未购买工伤保险组的5.710倍(OR=5.710,95%CI:1.610~20.230)。【结论】公交车和长途客车司机的工龄、文化程度、是否接受培训教育及购买工伤保险是其对职业病相关知识知晓率的影响因素,应根据具体情况加强相关知识的宣传普及。[Objective]To ascertain bus and long-distance bus drivers′knowledge of occupational health and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to improve their knowledge of occupational health and propose corresponding measures to protect their health.[Methods]A series of 228 bus and long-distance bus drivers were seleted as the research objects by convenient sampling.Questionnaires were done with them on diagnostic procedures of occupational diseases and compensation system of legal occupational disease.[Results]The general awareness rate of bus and coach drivers′knowledge relating to occupational health was 73.79%,of which the legal occupational disease compensation system was the highest(86.40%),followed by the occupational disease diagnosis program(75.88%),and the occupational disease was the lowest(65.79%)(P<0.05).The major ways for this group to obtain information on knowledge of occupational health were various media(64.91%),company training(57.89%),publicity by professional institutions(46.93%),communications between relatives,colleagues and friends(34.21%).The results of univariate analysis showed that the awareness rate of knowledge related to occupational health care increased with increase in the educational level and service age(P<0.05).The awareness rate of those who purchased industrial injury insurance was higher than that of those who did not.(χ~2=6.565;P=0.010).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed:length of service,educational level and purchase of industrial injury insurance were related to the awareness rate of occupational disease-related knowledge among bus and long-distance bus drivers.The awareness rate of occupational disease-related knowledge in 21-year service length group was 5.539 times that of 0-year group(OR=5.539,95%CI:1.912-16.051).The awareness of occupational disease-related knowledge in high school,secondary school and college group was 7.720 times that in primary school group(OR=7.720,95%CI:1.799-33.121);the awareness of occupational disease-related knowledge

关 键 词：公交车和长途客车司机 职业病相关知识 职业卫生知识 认知 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]