离心式压缩机及管道噪声测试与降噪方法  

Noise measurement and reduction method for centrifugal compressor and its pipeline

作　　者：刘兆增 李蔚 沈健[2] 张硕 李强[1] LIU Zhaozeng;LI Wei;SHEN Jian;ZHANG Shuo;LI Qiang(College of Chemical Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China;General Oil and Gas Gathering and Transporting Plant,SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)化学工程学院,266580 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司油气集输总厂

出　　处：《油气储运》2019年第11期1271-1276,共6页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金资助项目“基于3D瞬态流场计算的旋转机械耦合故障机理研究”，BS2014ZZ014

摘　　要：为解决压气站离心式压缩机管道内噪声过大的问题,将噪声测量、频谱分析及振动测量3种方式相结合,确定压缩机及其管道的噪声水平、噪声源。以某离心式压缩机组为研究对象,通过噪声测量,发现离心式压缩机阀门前后声压级最高,可达100 dB;通过频谱分析发现,当振动频率分别为90 Hz、1000~1400 Hz时,离心式压缩机管道处噪声的声压级最高;通过对压缩机管道不同位置进行振动测量,发现当振动频率为90 Hz、1250 Hz时,电压存在峰值,其中90 Hz对应的噪声为压缩机加工过程中形心与质心不重合引起的激振所产生,而1250 Hz对应的噪声则由压缩机出口、气体流经阀门处所产生的气流激振所产生。通过CFD方法计算了流体流经阀门所产生的噪声,分析得出阀门处噪声是一种宽频噪声,对此提出相应的降噪方法,保证了离心式压缩机的平稳运行。In order to solve the problem of excessive noise in the pipeline of centrifugal compressor at compressor stations,the noise level and noise source of compressor and its pipeline were determined by combining noise measurement,spectrum analysis and vibration measurement.One certain centrifugal compressor set was taken as the research object in this paper.It is shown from the noise measurement that the sound pressure level before and after the valve of centrifugal compressor is the highest and it is up to 100 dB.It is indicated from the spectrum analysis that the sound pressure level in the pipeline of centrifugal compressor is the highest at the vibration frequency of 90 Hz and 1000–1400 Hz.It is revealed by carrying out vibration measurement at different positions of the compressor pipeline that peak voltage occurs when the vibration frequency is 90 Hz and 1250 Hz.The noise corresponding to 90 Hz is caused by the excitation which is induced by the non-coincidence between the center of form and the center of mass in the process of compressor processing,while the noise corresponding to 1250 Hz is caused by the air flow excitation at the compressor outlet and the air flow excitation generated by air flowing through the valve.Then,the noise generated by fluid flowing through the valve was calculated by means of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method.It is concluded that the noise at the valve is a kind of broadband noise.Finally,based on the noise source at the valve,a noise reduction method was proposed so as to provide the reference for the smooth operation of centrifugal compressors.

关 键 词：离心式压缩机 噪声 测量 振动测量 频谱分析 CFD 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]