火炬树对波斯菊根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响  

Effects of Rhus typhina on the Soil Microbial Community Functional Diversity of the Cosmos bipinnata Rhizosphere

作　　者：马文育 杨塍希 国伟强 王影 曲同宝[1] MA Wenyu;YANG Chengxi;GUO Weiqiang;WANG Ying;QU Tongbao(Horticultural College,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《北方园艺》2019年第21期64-71,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(31230012);吉林省科技厅资助项目(20190303078SF)

摘　　要：以火炬树(Rhus typhina)根为试验材料,波斯菊(Cosmos bipinnatus)为研究对象,采用室内盆栽模拟控制试验,研究不同浓度火炬树根水浸提液对波斯菊生长指标的影响;用Biolog-ECO微平板培养法和土壤理化性质常规测定法,研究土壤微生物碳源利用特性,通过冗余分析(RDA)研究影响土壤微生物碳源利用的主要因素及作用机理。通过研究波斯菊根际土壤微生物功能多样性及其对火炬树不同浓度根水浸提液的响应,探讨火炬树对波斯菊化感作用机理。结果表明:TB条件下波斯菊的生长状况最好;不同处理对土壤pH、电导率、总氮含量、有机碳含量、碳氮比的影响显著(P<0.05);不同浓度处理下,波斯菊土壤微生物单孔颜色平均变化率(AWCD)均随着培养时间的增加逐渐上升,并在180 h时AWCD达到最大值并趋于稳定,不同处理间依次为TB>TA>TC>CK>TD;各根水浸提液处理均促进了土壤微生物对胺类物质的利用,抑制了对氨基酸类和多聚物类物质的利用;不同处理对波斯菊土壤微生物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数影响均存在显著差异(P<0.05),Gini多样性指数差异不显著(P>0.05)。RDA分析表明,总氮和有机碳是影响土壤微生物碳源利用的主要因素。火炬树根水浸提液可以影响土壤微生物群落功能多样性,进一步改变土壤理化性质,从而影响波斯菊的生长。The roots of Rhus typhina were used as experimental material and the Cosmos bipinnatus was used as research object.They were selected in the basin to measure plant growth indicators.Then the carbon source utilization characteristics of soil microbial community under C.bipinnatus was detected by Biolog-ECO micro-plate and soil physicochemical properties were measured by conventional methods under different concentrations aqueous extracts of roots.Meanwhile redundancy analysis(RDA) were used to study the main factors affecting the carbon source utilization of soil microorganisms and the mechanism of action.The aim of the present study was to investigate the soil microbial functional diversity of Cosmos bipinnatus rhizosphere and its response to different concentrations root aqueous extract of Rhus typhina,and to explore the allelopathic mechanism of R.typhina to C.bipinnatus.The results showed that C.bipinnatus was the best under TB treatment.There was significant difference in soil pH,total nitrogen content,carbon nitrogen ratio,electrical conductivity and organic carbon content(P<0.05).Under different treatments,the average well color development(AWCD) gradually increased with the increasing culture time,and the maximum value was at 180 hours,and the order of carbon source utilization was as follow:TB,TA,TC,CK,TD.Compared with the CK,other treatments promoted the utilization of amines by soil microorganisms and inhibited the utilization of amino acids and polymers.There were significant differences in Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou uniformity index was not(P<0.05),but Gini diversity index(P>0.05) under different treatments.RDA showed that total nitrogen content and organic carbon content was the main factors affecting the carbon sources utilization of soil microbes.The aqueous extracts of R.typhina roots could further change the functional diversity of soil microbial community by affecting soil physical and chemical properties.Thus it affect the growth of the plant.

关 键 词：火炬树 波斯菊 Biolog-ECO 碳源利用 土壤微生物功能多样性 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺] S687[农业科学—园艺学]