偃松生长性状与结实情况初步研究  

Analysis of the Growth Traits and Seed Setting of Pinus pumila

作　　者：韦睿[1,2] 于宏影[1,2] 刘灵[1,2] 申方圆 周鑫 叶天一 张吉利[1,2] WEI Rui;YU Hong-ying;LIU ling;SHEN Fang-yuan;ZHOU Xin;YE Tian-yi;ZHANG Ji-li(Research Center of Cold Temperate Forestry,CAF,Harbin 150086,China;Harbin Research Institute of Forestry Machinery,State Forestry Administration,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院寒温带林业研究中心,哈尔滨150086 [2]国家林业局哈尔滨林业机械研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2018年第2期48-55,共8页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(CAFYBB2016ZD009)

摘　　要：本文以黑龙江省大兴安岭呼中林业局为研究区域,在该林业局的小白山、宏伟、呼中与满归交界山岭的阴坡和阳坡4个地点,按上、中、下3个坡位,共设置10 m×10 m偃松林调查样地12个,对样地内全部偃松的生长性状、叶生长及种实情况进行调查。结果显示,不同样地偃松树高、地径、冠围及分株数存在极显著差异(P <0.01),在12个样地中宏伟下的4个生长性状显著高于其它样地,其平均地径、树高、冠围和分株数分别为最小的2.34、1.61、3.41和4.67倍,样地中海拔最高的小白山上除树高显著低于其它样地仅为1.900±0.206 m外,其它生长性状均处于最大子集;不同样地偃松单束叶鲜重、干重和含水率也存在极显著差异(P <0.01),小白山中样地平均单束叶鲜重、干重最大,分别为8.273×10^(-2) g和4.243×10^(-2) g,该样地平均单束叶含水率也较高,在样地联合叶位置多重比较结果中各叶生长性状呈现出下层叶<中层叶<上层叶的趋势;除呼中下样地外其它低海拔样地结实情况较差,满归下和小白山下样地未收集到松塔,通过多重比较的结果看出平均单塔鲜重、干重及平均单塔松子干重3种种实性状较大的样地分布于调查山坡的中上部。通过本研究结果可以看出偃松个体差异较大,在下一步选育工作中应根据实际需求进行筛选繁育。Taking Huzhong Forestry Bureau of Great xing’an Mountains in Heilongjiang province as the research area,this paper set 12 sampling plots of the 10 m×10 m Pinus pumila forest in 4 locations of shady slope and sunny slope in the junctional mountain of Xiaobaishan,Hongwei,Huzhong and Mangui,those sampling plots situate in upper,middle and lower slopes. The growth traits,leaf growth and seed setting of all Pinus pumila in the sampling plots were investigated. The results showed that the height,ground diameter,crown circumference and number of plants of the trees were significantly different(P < 0.01). The 4 growth traits in Hongweixia were significantly higher than those of other plots. The average diameter,tree height,crown girth and number of plants in this plot were 2.34,1.61, 3.41 and 4.67 times respectively than the smallest. In the highest altitude plot,Xiaobaishanshang,the trees’ height is significantly lower than the others,that was just 1.900±0.206 m,but other growth traits were in the highest class. The fresh weight,dry weight and water content of the Pinus pumila’s single leaves in different plots were significantly different(P < 0.01). The average fresh weight and dry weight of leaves in Xiaobaishanzhong were the largest,which were 8.273 × 10-2 g and 4.243 × 10-2 g respectively,and the leaves’ water content in this plot was also higher than the others. The results of the leaves’ growth traits multiple comparison by sampling plot×leaves’ position show the tendency,that lower leaves < middle leaves < upper leaves. Except for the Huzhongxia sampling plot,the other low elevation plots were poor seed setting,especially the Manguixia andXiaobaishanxia having no pinecone. The results of multiple comparison showed that the higher average fresh weight of single pinecone,dry weight and the average dry weight of each pinecone’s nuts were distributed in the middle and upper part of the hillsides. The results showed that individual differences of Pinus pumila were significant. Breeding should be scr

关 键 词：偃松 坡位 生长性状 结实 

分 类 号：S722.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]