塔里木盆地古城地区下古生界碳酸盐岩油气地质条件与勘探潜力  

Petroleum geological conditions and exploration potential of Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in Gucheng Area, Tarim Basin, China

作　　者：曹颖辉[1] 王珊[1] 张亚金[2] 杨敏[1] 闫磊[1] 赵一民[1] 张君龙[2] 王显东[2] 周肖肖 王洪江[4] CAO Yinghui;WANG Shan;ZHANG Yajin;YANG Min;YAN Lei;ZHAO Yimin;ZHANG Junlong;WANG Xiandong;ZHOU Xiaoxiao;WANG Hongjiang(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company,Daqing 163712,China;China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Sinopec Management Institute,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]中国石油大学(北京),北京102249 [4]石油化工管理干部学院,北京100012

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2019年第6期1099-1114,共16页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油重大科技专项“塔东天然气成藏理论及勘探配套技术研究”(2016E-0204);中国石油天然气股份有限公司十三五专项“古老碳酸盐岩油气成藏分布规律与关键技木”(2019B-04)

摘　　要：下古生界碳酸盐岩是塔里木盆地台盆区重要的勘探领域,累计探明油气地质储量超过22×108 t,但古城地区至今没有大规模发现,烃源条件、储集层规模及油气富集规律不清楚是制约油气勘探的关键。通过系统梳理下古生界碳酸盐岩油气地质条件,得到以下几点认识:①古城地区发育寒武系-下奥陶统斜坡-盆地相烃源岩;②奥陶系鹰山组下段云化滩储集层规模大,储盖组合好,气源断裂发育,是近期增储上产的重要领域,油气富集受储集层和气源断裂控制,中部云化滩带是勘探主攻方向;③寒武系台缘礁滩体规模大,物性好,紧邻烃源岩,有望形成整装气藏,盖层与保存条件是成藏关键,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ期台缘礁滩体北部保存条件较好,是下步勘探主攻方向;④奥陶系鹰山组上段灰岩断溶体,储集层受断裂控制,规模较小但储盖组合条件好,是值得探索的领域;⑤奥陶系一间房组灰岩颗粒滩发育,含气性好,但暴露溶蚀时间较短,储集层非均质性强,是潜在的勘探领域。Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks are an important exploration area in the Tarim Basin, with the proven oil and gas reserves of more than 2.2×108 t, but no large-scale discovery has been made in the Gucheng area so far. The key issues restricting exploration are that the source rock, reservoir scale and law of oil and gas enrichment are unclear. By systematically examining the petroleum geological conditions of Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks, the following findings are reached:(1) Source rocks of slope-basin facies developed in Cambrian-Lower Ordovician in the Gucheng area.(2) The dolomitized beach in the lower part of Ordovician Yingshan Formation has large-scale reservoirs, good reservoir-cap assemblage and developed gas source faults, and is an important field for increasing reserves and production in the near future;hydrocarbon enrichment is controlled by reservoir and gas source faults, and the central dolomitized beach zone is the main exploration area.(3) The Cambrian platform margin reef beach, large in scale, good in physical properties and close to source rocks, has the possibility to form monolithic gas field;the caprock and preservation conditions are the key factors for hydrocarbon enrichment;the northern part of the phases I and II platform margin reefs has better sealing conditions, and is the main direction of next exploration.(4) Limestone fault solution reservoirs in the upper part of Ordovician Yingshan Formation, controlled by faults and small in scale, but good in reservoir-cap combination, worth exploring.(5) The granular limestone beach of Ordovician Yijianfang Formation is well developed and gas-bearing, but short in exposure dissolution time, and the reservoirs are strongly heterogeneous, and are a potential exploration field.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 古城地区 下古生界 碳酸盐岩 石油地质条件 勘探潜力 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]