基于叶和花粉中类黄酮含量的银杏雄性优株初选  

Preliminary selection of superior male Ginkgo biloba plants based on favonoid content in leaves and pollen

作　　者：韩晋 郁万文[1,2] 曹福亮 汪贵斌[1] HAN Jin;YU Wanwen;CAO Fuliang;WANG Guibin(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《经济林研究》2019年第4期88-95,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0600701);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：为了筛选出银杏新叶或花粉中类黄酮含量高的优株,以28个银杏雄性单株为试验材料,研究了新叶和花粉中总黄酮及其主要组分含量的差异,通过聚类分析筛选高黄酮含量的春茶用、花粉用及两者兼用的单株。结果表明:银杏雄株间的叶和花粉中总黄酮及主要组分含量均存在较大变异,其中叶中成分的变异系数达19.78%~26.81%,花粉中成分的变异系数为28.22%~51.94%。叶中总黄酮含量与3个主要组分含量呈极显著正相关,花粉中总黄酮含量仅与山奈酚含量呈极显著正相关;叶中总黄酮及其主要组分的含量与花粉中对应成分含量间均不存在显著相关性。基于28个银杏雄株叶或花粉中总黄酮及3个主要组分含量,筛选出8个叶中黄酮及其主要组分含量均较高的单株,分别是24、9、13、14、16、11、25、26;筛选出11个花粉中黄酮及其主要组分含量均较高的单株,分别是10、1、4、6、23、13、3、25、16、11、18;基于28个银杏雄株叶和花粉中总黄酮含量,筛选出6个叶和花粉中黄酮含量均较高的单株,分别是2、17、14、9、26、10。所筛选的这3类雄株分别可作为春茶用、花粉用及兼用型银杏种质进一步区试或推广。In order to select superior plants with high flavonoids content in new leaves or pollen of Ginkgo biloba,twentyeight male plants were used as experimental materials,differences of total flavonoids contents and component contents in new leaves and pollen were researched.Single plants with high flavonoid content were screened by cluster analysis for spring tea,pollen and dual purposes.The results showed that,contents of total flavonoids and major components in leaves and pollen varied greatly among male G.biloba trees,variation coefficients of components in leaves reached 19.78%-26.81%,and that in pollen reached 28.22%-51.94%.Content of total flavonoids in leaves was very significantly positively correlated with contents of three main components,and that in pollen was very significantly positively correlated only with campherol content.Contents of total flavonoids and main components in leaves had no significant correlation with contents of corresponding components in pollen.Based on contents of total flavonoids and three main components in leaves or pollen of 28 male G.biloba plants,eight plants with higher contents of flavonoid and main components were selected,and they were 24,9,13,14,16,11,25 and 26,respectively.Eleven plants with higher contents of flavonoid and main components in pollen were selected,and they were 10,1,4,6,23,13,3,25,16,11,18,respectively.Based on contents of total flavonoids in leaves and pollen of 28 male G.biloba plants,six plants with higher flavonoid content in leaves and pollen were selected,and they were 2,17,14,9,26 and 10,respectively.The three types of G.biloba plants can be further tested or popularized as spring tea,pollen and dual-purpose germplasms.

关 键 词：银杏 雄性单株 叶片 花粉 黄酮 

分 类 号：S603.7[农业科学—园艺学]