槽焊接头摆动焊热过程与残余应力的数值分析  

Numerical analysis of thermal process and residual stress in swing welding of groove welded joints

作　　者：宋树崎 刘仁培[1] 赵文勇 魏艳红[1] Song Shuqi;Liu Renpei;Zhao Wenyong;Wei Yanhong(Nanjing University of Aeronauticc and Astronauticc,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学

出　　处：《机械制造文摘（焊接分册）》2019年第5期17-22,共6页Welding Digest of Machinery Manufacturing

基　　金：中央高校基金重大项目培育基金(NP2016204);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：采用热弹塑性有限元法对铝合金槽焊接头摆动焊过程进行了数值模拟,分析了其温度场与应力场的分布特征,探究了速度因素对焊接残余应力的影响。结果表明,槽焊接头摆动焊过程中焊缝中部温度要高于两侧;工件在中心焊缝区受纵向残余拉应力,焊缝两侧则转变为压应力;在焊缝尾部横向残余拉应力较大,尾部前端则存在较高的压应力;等效应力主要集中在焊缝附近,在焊缝尾部高应力区呈倒U形;横向与纵向残余应力峰值绝对值与焊接速度成正相关,与摆动速度则成负相关;等效应力具有相似的变化规律,且焊接速度的增加会减少焊缝区的应力峰宽度。By using thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method,a swing welding process of aluminium alloy groove weld is simulated for analyzing the characteristics of temperature and stress fields distribution,as well as the effect of velocity on residual stress. The results show that the temperature in the middle of the weld is higher than the sides in the process of swing welding. The central weld zone of workpiece has longitudinal residual tensile stress while the two sides of the weld change into compressive stress. The transverse residual tensile stress at the tail of the weld is larger while the compressive stress at the front end of the tail is higher. The equivalent stress mainly concentrates near the weld bead,and it is inverted U-shaped in the high stress zone at the tail of the weld. In addition,the peak absolute value of transverse and longitudinal residual stress are positively correlated with welding speed and negatively correlated with swing speed. Equivalent Von-Mises stress has similar variation rule,but the increase of welding speed will reduce the peak stress width in the weld zone.

关 键 词：摆动焊 槽焊接头 铝合金 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]