2017年贵阳市常住居民主要死因对期望寿命的影响分析  

Analysis on the influence of main causes of death on life expectancy of residents in Guiyang about 2017

作　　者：蒲焱[1] 张如坤 杨琴英 罗怡[1] 吴萍[1] 张健[1] PU Yan;ZHANG Ru-kun;YANG Qin-ying;LUO Yi;WU Ping;ZHANG Jian(Guiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心慢病科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第22期4121-4124,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵阳市高层次创新型青年卫生人才培养计划项目([2014]筑卫计科技合同字第020号)

摘　　要：目的分析贵阳市4个死因监测点常住居民主要死因及对期望寿命的影响程度,为制定疾病预防控制的政策措施和方向提供科学依据。方法采用描述统计学方法以及编制简略寿命表和去死因寿命表计算2017年贵阳市死因监测点常住居民的死亡率、死因顺位以及期望寿命和去主要死因期望寿命。结果贵阳市2017年死因监测点常住居民报告死亡率564.14/10万,标化死亡率为578.25/10万,其中男性报告死亡率656.83/10万,标化死亡率为663.21/10万;女性报告死亡率为466.88/10万,标化死亡率为488.50/10万。男女性死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=366.25, P<0.05)。2017年贵阳市死因监测点常住居民的前5位死因分别是恶性肿瘤(112.83/10万)、脑血管病(105.85/10万)、心脏病(101.11/10万)、呼吸系统疾病(83.82/10万)以及损伤和中毒(41.56/10万)。2017年贵阳市死因监测点常住居民人均期望寿命是77.96岁,其中男性期望寿命为75.38岁,女性期望寿命为80.88岁。男性在去除前5位死因后期望寿命可提高12.47岁,女性可提高8.41岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病以及损伤和中毒是目前贵阳市常住居民的主要死因,对贵阳市常住居民期望寿命影响较大的5大疾病分别是脑血管疾病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和损伤及中毒。Objective To analyze the main cause of death and the degree of influence on the life expectancy of the residents in Guiyang in 2017, and thus to provide the scientific basis for the development of the policy measures and directions for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods The mortality, the cause of death, the life expectancy and the expected life of the main cause of death of the residents in Guiyang were calculated by the descriptive statistics method and the preparation of the short-life table and the life table to dislodge the cause of death. Results 1. The death rate of the resident population in the cause of death in Guiyang in 2017 was 564.14/105, and the standardized mortality rate was 578.25/105;the male reported death rate was 656.83/105, and the standardized mortality rate was 663.21/105;the female reported death rate was466.88/105, and the standardized mortality rate was 488.50/105. There was significant difference in mortality between male and female(χ^2=366.25, P<0.05). 2. The top five causes of death in Guiyang City in 2017 were Malignant tumor(112.83/105),cerebrovascular disease(105.85/105), heart disease(101.11/105), respiratory disease(83.82/105), injury and poisoning(41.56/105). 3. The average life expectancy of permanent residents was 77.96 years in 2017 Guiyang, in which the life expectancy of males and females was 75.38 years and 80.88 years respectively. 4. After removing the first five causes of death, the life expectancy of males and females could be increased by 12.47 years and 8.41 years respectively. Conclusion Chronic infectious diseases and injury and poisoning are the main causes of death for Guiyang residents. The five major diseases that have great influence on the life expectancy of residents are malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, respiratory disease and injury and poisoning in Guiyang.

关 键 词：主要死因 期望寿命 影响 

分 类 号：R195.3[医药卫生—卫生统计学]