压力对乙炔分解爆炸过程的影响规律  

The Effect of Pressure on the Decomposition and Explosion of Acetylene

作　　者：朱云峰[1] 孙峰[1] 李亚辉[1] 王振刚[1] 刘静如[1] 姜杰[1] Zhu Yunfeng;Sun Feng;Li Yahui;Wang Zhengang;Liu Jingru;Jiang Jie(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Control,SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering,Shandong,Qingdao,266071)

机构地区：[1]中国石化青岛安全工程研究院化学品安全控制国家重点实验室

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2019年第11期49-52,共4页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0804707)，典型危险化学品储运过程火灾爆炸防控工程示范

摘　　要：乙炔是一种易燃易爆的重要有机化工原料,为评估乙炔的燃爆风险,采用最小点火能测试仪、爆轰管考察了压力对乙炔分解爆炸的影响规律。研究表明压力为影响乙炔分解爆炸的敏感因素,乙炔发生分解爆炸的最小点火能随系统压力的升高呈指数型下降,点火温度随压力的升高而降低,分解爆炸的后果为系统初始压力的8~10倍。乙炔分解爆炸的临界压力随温度的升高而降低,温度每升高1℃,临界压力降低约4×10^-4 MPa。在乙炔的生产储运及使用过程中,应综合考虑温度的影响并严格控制临界分压。Acetylene is an important organic chemical raw material which is inflammable and explosive.In order to assess the risk of acetylene explosion,in this study,the effect of pressure on the decomposition and explosion of acetylene was investigated by minimum ignition energy tester and detonation tube.The results show that pressure is a significant sensitive factor affecting the decomposition explosion of acetylene.The minimum ignition energy of acetylene decomposition explosion decreases exponentially with the increase of pressure,and the ignition temperature decreases as the pressure increases.The result of decomposition explosion is 8~10 times of the initial system pressure.The critical pressure decreases with the increase of temperature;the critical pressure would reduce by 4×10^-4 MPa with each one degree Celsius increase.In the process of production,storage and use of acetylene,the influence of temperature should be considered comprehensively and the critical partial pressure should be strictly controlled.

关 键 词：乙炔 分解爆炸 最小点火能 临界压力 

分 类 号：TQ2[化学工程—有机化工]