Technology Transforms Politics:Internet + Government Services and the Transformation of the Grassroots Power Structure  

技术改变政治:互联网+政务服务与基层权力结构的变迁（英文）

作　　者：Xiong Yihan Li Changjiang 熊易寒;栗长江(School of International Relations&Public Affairs,Fudan University;School of International Police Studies, People’s Public Security University of China)

机构地区：[1]School of International Relations&Public Affairs,Fudan University [2]School of International Police Studies, People’s Public Security University of China

出　　处：《Social Sciences in China》2019年第4期173-192,共20页中国社会科学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by a grant from the fourth set of the Elite Youth Talent Subprogram of the National Ten Thousand Talents Program

摘　　要：Since the rise of the Internet in China,China’s local governments have actively used Internet technology to facilitate public administration and public services.What impact,then,have different types of social media had on local governance?This paper,based on years of investigation of J Town and L Sub-district in Shanghai(2012-2018),finds that Internet technology has profoundly transformed the grassroots power structure.Before the rise of the Internet,the grassroots power structure included local government,activists and the masses;in the age of Weibo and home owners forums,grassroots opinion leaders rose,becoming an impressive social force that local government could not afford to ignore;in the age of WeChat,however,the influence of grassroots opinion leaders declined,as local government can interact directly with the masses through WeChat public accounts and WeChat group chats,with the network technology becoming a tool for micromanagement.These three stages correspond to three types of government characterized by limited mobilization,consultation,and user-friendliness,respectively.互联网在中国兴起之后,中国的基层政府积极运用互联网技术来辅助公共管理和公共服务。那么,不同的互联网形态对基层治理会产生什么样的影响?本文对上海市J镇和L街道的跟踪调查(2012—2018年)发现互联网技术深刻改变了基层权力结构:在互联网兴起之前,基层权力结构包含基层政府、积极分子和群众三个圈层;在微博和业主论坛时代,草根意见领袖崛起,成为基层政府不得不重视的社会力量;在微信时代,草根意见领袖式微,基层政府通过政务公众号和微信群与群众发生直接联系,网络技术成为精细化管理的工具。这三个阶段分别对应的是有限动员型政府、协商型政府和用户友好型政府。

关 键 词：Internet+government services power structure MICROMANAGEMENT userfriendly government 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]