2010-2017年河南省小麦白粉菌群体的毒性变化动态监测  

Monitoring of the changes in the virulence of Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici in Henan province during 2010-2017

作　　者：张美惠 刘伟[1] 王振花 徐飞[2] 范洁茹[1] 宋玉立[2] 周益林[1] ZHANG Meihui;LIU Wei;WANG Zhenhua;XU Fei;FAN Jieru;SONG Yuli;ZHOU Yilin(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部华北南部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物保护》2019年第6期279-282,310,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201700);国家自然科学基金(31671966)

摘　　要：为了解河南省小麦白粉菌群体毒性结构及年度动态变化,对河南省近8年来的小麦白粉菌群体毒性进行了监测,结果表明其病菌群体对小麦白粉病抗性基因或组合Pm1a、Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm3c、Pm3f、Pm3e、Pm5a、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm17、Pm19、Pm1+2+9的毒性频率高于70%,这些基因为无效抗病基因;对抗性基因或组合Pm1c、Pm2、Pm5b、Pm12、Pm13、Pm16、Pm21、Pm22、Pm23、Pm24、Pm35、Pm36、Pm46、Pm"XBD"、Pm2+Mld、Pm2+6的毒性频率低于30%,其中对抗性基因Pm12、Pm16和Pm21的毒性频率为0%,这些基因依然为有效的抗病基因。病菌群体对Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm4+8等抗性基因或组合的毒性频率近年来总体呈上升趋势,且毒性频率已达到30%~70%,应加强对这些抗病基因或组合的重点监测,并建议在抗病育种中谨慎使用。To understand the changes in the virulence structures and annual dynamics of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici population in Henan province, the virulence of B.graminis f. sp tritici population was monitored in Henan in recent 8 years. The results showed that the virulence frequencies of the pathogen to the resistance genes Pm1a, Pm3a, Pm3b, Pm3c, Pm3f, Pm3e, Pm5a, Pm6, Pm7, Pm8, Pm17, Pm19, Pm1+2+9 were higher than 70%, indicating that these resistance genes were ineffective. Its virulence frequencies to the resistance genes Pm1c, Pm2, Pm5b, Pm12, Pm13, Pm16, Pm21, Pm22, Pm23, Pm24, Pm35, Pm36, Pm46, Pm"XBD", Pm2+Mld, Pm2+6 were lower than 30%, wherein the virulence frequencies to Pm12, Pm16 and Pm21 were zero, revealing that these genes were still effective. The virulence frequencies to Pm4a, Pm4b and Pm4+8 had an increasing tendency in recent years, which reached 30%-70%. Therefore, these genes should be monitored emphatically and used cautiously in wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦白粉菌 毒性频率 抗病基因 抗病育种 

分 类 号：S435.121.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]