宝鸡市5种乡土树种抗旱性综合评价和研究  

Comprehensive Study and Evaluation on Drought Resistance of Five Native Tree Species in Baoji

作　　者：赵瑾 李文根 魏国仁 康海斌[1] 王得祥[1] 林强 ZHAO Jin;LI Wen-gen;WEI Guo-ren;KANG Hai-bin;WANG De-xiang;LIN Qiang(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,712100,Shaanxi,China;Qinghai Forestry Grassland Special Material Reserve Center,Xining,810000,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]青海省林业草原专用物资储备中心,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2019年第6期74-81,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划“环境友好型城镇景观林构建技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B06)

摘　　要：以南蛇藤、苦皮藤、臭檀吴茱萸、爬山虎和火棘5种陕西宝鸡渭北乡土树种为研究对象,采用盆栽试验研究了干旱胁迫对植物叶片生长和生理生化指标的影响以及胁迫末期的净光合速率、蒸腾速率等,运用主成分分析法、隶属函数法综合评价5种乡土树种的抗旱性差异。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,5种植物叶片的丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖(SS)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量均有不同程度增加;叶片含水量、苗高、地径增长速率均不同程度降低,叶绿素a/b值都表现为减少的变化,叶绿素含量先降后升,并且在干旱胁迫条件下出现了叶绿素“浓缩”现象,干旱胁迫末期不同树种间净光合速率、水分利用率差异显著(P<0.05)。主成分分析表明,3个主成分可以代表乡土树种抗旱性96.577%的原始数据信息量,通过计算5种乡土树种的综合评价值(D),对抗旱性进行了评价。5种乡土树种的抗旱性强弱依次为爬山虎>火棘>苦皮藤>臭檀吴茱萸>南蛇藤,研究结果为宝鸡市绿化树种选择和配置提供了参考。Effects of drought stress on the leaf growth,physiological and biochemical indexes of five native tree species occurring in Baoji were studied by pot experiment.The net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate at the end stage of drought stress were measured.Methods of membership function and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the drought resistance of five native tree species.The results showed that the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugar(SS)and proline(Pro)in the leaves of five plant species increased in different degrees.The water content of the leaves,seedling height and the growth rate of basal diameter all decreased to different degrees,and chlorophyll content decreased first and then increased.Under drought stress,chlorophyll“concentration”appeared.The net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of different plant species were significantly different at the end of drought stress(P<0.05).Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the three principal components could represent 96.577%of the original data of the drought resistance.The drought resistance of 5 native plant species was evaluated according to the calculated comprehensive evaluation values.According to the results of principal component analysis,the drought resistance of the five native plant species was in the order of Parthenocissus tricuspidata>Pyracantha fortuneana>Celastrus angulatus>Euodia daniellii>Celastrus orbiculaus.The results of the analysis were closely related to the actual performance.The results could provide theoretical basis for the selection of plant species for slope greening in northwestern cities and towns in China.

关 键 词：乡土树种 抗旱性 隶属函数法 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]