超声波传感器自动测量雪深误差分析及改进  

Error analysis and improvement of automatic snow depth measurement by ultrasonic sensor

作　　者：张婷 刘文忠[1] 刘宇[1] 李建明[1] ZHANG Ting;LIU Wenzhong;LIU Yu;LI Jianming(Hebei Provincial Meteorological Technical Equipment Center,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省气象技术装备中心

出　　处：《传感器与微系统》2019年第12期140-142,147,共4页Transducer and Microsystem Technologies

摘　　要：利用2009年~2010年在北京、河北开展的雪深对比观测试验资料,对超声波传感器自动测量雪深结果进行评估,并提出了改进方法。结果表明:超声波传感器测量值的平均误差主要分布在毫米级范围内,精确度能够满足气象业务需求;但测量值稳定性较差。人工观测有雪深时,日正点最大误差波动较大;人工观测无积雪时,多次出现有雪深数据的情况。温度是影响超声波传感器稳定性的主要因素,通过增加温度传感器辐射罩对温度进行校正,有利于提高超声波传感器测量稳定性。Based on the comparative observation data of snow depth in Beijing and Hebei from 2009 to 2010,the results of automatic snow depth measurement by ultrasonic sensor are evaluated,and an improved method is put forward.The results show that the average error of ultrasonic sensor is mainly distributed in the range of millimeters,and the accuracy can meet the needs of meteorological operation.But the stability of the value measured by ultrasonic sensor is poor.When there is snow in artificial observation,the maximum errors of daily punctuation fluctuate greatly;the snow depth data appear many times,when there is no snow in artificial observation.Temperature is the main factor which affects the stability.By adding the radiation shield on temperature sensor to correct the temperature,it is beneficial to improve the measurement stability of the ultrasonic sensor.

关 键 词：超声波传感器 积雪深度 误差分析 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P427.2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]