超声空化现象影响因素的实验研究  

Experimental study on the influencing factors of ultrasonic cavitation

作　　者：马立康 暨勇策 沈国清[1] 张世平[1] MA Likang;JI Yongce;SHEN Guoqing;ZHANG Shiping(School of Energy,Power and Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院

出　　处：《应用声学》2019年第6期999-1003,共5页Journal of Applied Acoustics

摘　　要：超声空化在许多不同的学科和工业生产中有着广泛的应用。超声空化的应用与声场的分布及空化的机理密切相关,精准地反映空化场和空化机理是超声空化技术实际应用的关键。该文通过分析采集的声信号和金属箔膜空蚀法对空化区域随液位发生变化的现象进行研究,并利用Matlab对金属箔膜空蚀程度量化。实验发现,超声波会在液面与实验箱体底部形成驻波场。在某一液体温度下,随着液位高度的变化,超声空化现象的出现具有周期性。并且,在同一液位下,当超声功率改变时,空化区域强度分布情况随之改变。小功率时各空化区域空化强度分布均匀,当功率增大到一定时,会出现空化屏蔽现象。该研究为超声清洗设备的改良提供了借鉴,对进一步认识和利用超声空化效应具有重要意义。Ultrasonic cavitation has a wide range of applications in many different scientific and industrial productions.The application of ultrasonic cavitation is closely related to the distribution of sound field and the mechanism of cavitation.Accurate reflection of cavitation field and cavitation mechanism is the key to applying this technology.In this paper,the acoustic signal and thin film corrosion method are used to study the phenomenon of cavitation area changing with liquid level,and the degree of corrosion of the film is quantified by Matlab.The experiment found that the ultrasonic wave would form a standing wave field and a traveling wave field at the liquid level and the bottom of the experimental box.At a certain liquid temperature,the appearance of ultrasonic cavitation was periodic with the change of liquid level.Moreover,at the same liquid level,when the ultrasonic power changed,the intensity distribution of the cavitation region changed.At low power,the cavitation intensity of each cavitation area was evenly distributed.When the power increased to a certain extent,cavitation mask would occur.This study provides a reference for the improvement of ultrasonic cleaning equipment and is of great significance for further understanding and utilization of ultrasonic cavitation effect.

关 键 词：液位 驻波场 空化噪声 空化屏蔽 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]