顺北超深断控体地震多信息约束速度建模  

Velocity modeling of an ultra-deep fault-controlled reservoir in Shunbei area,China,using a multi-information constraint

作　　者：朱立华[1] 马灵伟[1] 白英哲[1] 蔡杰雄[1] 高厚强[1] ZHU Lihua;MA Lingwei;BAI Yingzhe;CAI Jiexiong;GAO Houqiang(Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute,Nanjing 211103,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油物探技术研究院

出　　处：《石油物探》2019年第6期864-873,共10页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：中国石化油气重大项目“特深层油气勘探开发工程关键技术与装备”(P17049);中国石化科技部项目“顺北特深断溶体储集体地震关键技术研究应用”(P18040)共同资助~~

摘　　要：奥陶系碳酸盐岩断控体是塔里木盆地顺北地区重要的油气储集类型,深大走滑断裂控制着该类断控体储层的发育与分布。由于走滑断裂断距小,断控体储层非均质性强,加之沙漠地表、二叠系高速火成岩及目的层埋藏深度大等因素的综合影响,使得超深走滑断裂成像准确性差、精度低,从而制约了顺北油田的勘探开发。针对上述问题,采用多信息约束的速度建模策略,提高了速度建模精度,提升了断控体的成像品质。首先,通过精细的地震预处理消除浅表层影响,获得较高品质的叠前时间偏移成像地震资料;其次,利用叠前时间偏移成像资料开展地震属性分析,获取二叠系火成岩和深大断裂的构造和属性信息;第三,将构造和属性信息作为约束条件开展火成岩局部层析速度建模和断控体高斯束速度建模,如此反复迭代,提高了二叠系火成岩和深大断裂速度建模精度,有效消除了火成岩岩性及速度横向变化引起的假断裂,提高了深大断裂的成像精度。形成的超深断控体多信息约束速度建模方法与流程成功应用于顺北地区,实现了超深断控体储层的地震高精度成像。Ordovician carbonate fault-controlled bodies are an important type of reservoir in the Shunbei area of Tarim Basin.Deep strike-slip faults control the development and distribution of this type of reservoir.Imaging of ultra-deep strike-slip faults is difficult and the accuracy is low,which seriously restricts the exploration and development of the Shunbei oilfield.This is caused by the combined influence of the small fault spacing of the strike-slip faults,the strong heterogeneity of the fault-controlled reservoirs,the desert surface,the high wave velocity in the Permian igneous rocks,and the large burial depth of the target beds.In order to address the issue,this study adopts a multi-information constrained velocity modeling strategy,which improves the accuracy of velocity modeling and consequently the imaging quality of the fault-controlled body.In this study,the influence of the shallow surface was first eliminated by fine seismic pre-processing,so as to obtain high quality pre-stack time migration imaging.Subsequently,the imaging data were processed through seismic attribute analysis to obtain the structure and attribute information of the Permian igneous rocks and the deep and large faults.Finally,this information was used to constrain the seismic data.Local tomography and fault-controlled Gauss beam velocity modeling of the igneous rocks improved the accuracy of the velocity modeling of the Permian igneous rocks and the deep and large faults.It also suppressed the pseudo-faults caused by the igneous rocks effectively,and improved the imaging accuracy of the deep and large faults.The multi-information constrained modeling method and process for ultra-deep fault-controlled reservoirs have been successfully applied to the Shunbei area,achieving high-precision seismic imaging notwithstanding the disturbance caused by the overlying igneous rocks.

关 键 词：沙漠地表 超深断控体 多信息约束 火成岩建模 深大断裂建模 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]