中国荷斯坦牛肛阴距离对繁殖性能的影响  

Effect of Anogenital Distance on Reproductive Performance of Chinese Holstein

作　　者：唐程 郭佳禾 王梦琦 倪炜 张慧敏 李明勋 冀德君 杨章平 毛永江 TANG Cheng;GUO Jiahe;WANG Mengqi;NI Wei;ZHANG Huimin;LI Mingxun;JI Dejun;YANG Zhangping;MAO Yongjiang(College of Animal Science and Technology/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety,Ministry of Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科技学院/扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作实验室

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2019年第11期59-64,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金(CX(17)1005);江苏省奶业产业技术体系;江苏省企业研究生工作站

摘　　要：试验旨在探索年龄和胎次对中国荷斯坦牛肛阴距离的影响,以及肛阴距离和繁殖性能的相关关系,以期为提高中国荷斯坦牛繁殖性能提供参考依据。随机选择323头成年中国荷斯坦母牛,测量其肛阴距离,用一般线性模型分析年龄和胎次对肛阴距离的影响,以及肛阴距离与奶牛繁殖性能之间的关系。结果表明:肛阴距离平均为(124.66±11.88)mm,总体接近正态分布;年龄和胎次对肛阴距离无显著影响(P>0.05);肛阴距离对配种情期数、首次配种泌乳天数、最后一次配种泌乳天数、妊娠确认时泌乳天数均无显著影响(P>0.05);肛阴距离对产犊评分、早产率和犊牛性别均无显著影响(P>0.05)。但肛阴距离对双胎率和胎衣滞留率有显著影响(P<0.05),肛阴距离在121~130 mm时,产双胎比例最高,同时胎衣滞留比例也最高,而肛阴距离在111~120 mm时,产单胎比例最高且胎衣正常比例最高。This study was to explore the influence of age and parity on anogenital distance of Chinese Holstein cattle,and the correlation between anogenital distance and reproductive performance,so as to provide a reference for improving the reproductive performance of Chinese Holstein cows.A total of 323 adult Chinese Holstein cows were randomly selected from a large dairy farm in Jiangsu province.The anogenital distance was measured using a vernier caliper,and productive information such as milk production and reproduction was collected from the dairy management system.Finally,a general linear model was used to analyze the effects of age and parity on the anorectal distance,as well as the correlation between anogenital distance and reproductive performance of Chinese Holstein cows.The results showed that the average anorectal distance was(124.66±11.88)mm,which was close to the normal distribution.The age and parity had no significant effects on the anogenital distance(P>0.05).The anogenital distance did not have significant effects on the number of breeding days,the first and the last breeding lactation days,and days of lactation when pregnancy was confirmed(P>0.05).Anogenital distance had no significant effect on calving score,preterm birth rate and calf sex(P>0.05).But it had significant effects on the twin rate and the rate of retained afterbirth(P<0.05).Cows with(121-130)mm anogenital distance had the highest rate of twins and retained afterbirth.Cows whose anogenital distance was(111-120)mm had the highest proportion of single birth and normal placenta.The results could be used for reasonably improving the reproductive performance of Chinese Holstein cows.

关 键 词：肛阴距离 年龄 胎次 繁殖性能 中国荷斯坦牛 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]