南水北调东线工程江苏江都段血吸虫病监测分析  

Surveillance of schistosomiasis at the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in Jiangdu County,Jiangsu Province

作　　者：汤洪萍[1] 黄永军[1] 郑亚明 谢杨[1] Tang Hongping;Huang Yongjun;Zheng Yaming;Xie Yang(Yangzhou Jiangdu District Disease Control and Prevention Center,Yangzhou 225200,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市江都区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2019年第3期160-164,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：扬州市科技计划项目(SSF2017010006)

摘　　要：目的了解南水北调东线工程江苏江都段血吸虫病疫情变化情况,为血吸虫病监测预警和防治工作提供科学依据。方法采取机械抽样结合环境抽样设框法对水源河道、输水河道、毗邻的邵伯湖区部分滩地开展钉螺调查。采用网捞法和稻草帘诱螺法在江都西闸外、宜陵闸三阳河口开展水体钉螺监测。采用胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)对水源河道、输水河道、毗邻的邵伯湖区沿线镇村开展人群和家畜血吸虫病调查,阳性者用Kato-Katz法(1粪3检)进行病原学检测。结果 2006~2018年扬州江都区在南水北调东线工程水源区、输水区和湖区累计查螺面积分别为1 754. 50 hm^2、1 150. 93 hm^2和1 910. 67 hm^2,水源区2013~2015年未发现钉螺,其余年份有螺面积为0~141. 38 hm^2;输水区2006~2011年有螺面积为0. 15~1. 65hm^2,2012年起未再发现钉螺;湖区有螺面积为0~81. 57 hm^2。累计解剖钉螺40 304只,在夹江长江入口处东侧屏江东滩、圣容滩发现感染性钉螺面积8. 27 hm^2。稻草帘诱获钉螺787只,漂浮物和船体调查未发现钉螺。2006~2018年血清学查病51 401人,阳性220人,无粪检阳性病人;家畜累计粪检查病64头,未发现阳性病畜。期间累计药物巩固性灭螺3 993. 78 hm^2,环境改造灭螺78. 52 hm^2;扩大化疗18人次;疫区居民和小学生健康行为行成率和健康知识知晓率均> 90%;无害化厕所普及率达96. 75%。结论南水北调东线工程江都段输水河道未发现钉螺和血吸虫病疫情,但水源河道仍有钉螺分布,需加强监测。Objective To understand the epidemic status of schistosomiasis in Jiangdu County,the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,for scientific evidence in surveillance,early warning and prevention of schistosomiasis. Methods Snail survey was conducted by mechanical sampling and framed environmental sampling in water source channels,water conveyance channels and partial water areas adjacent to Shaobo Lake. Snails were captured by fishing net and straw curtain to monitor the floating status of snails outside the water-lock at Jiangdu Xizha and Sanyang estuary of Yiling. Gram-negative test strips( DDIA) were used to investigate Schistosoma infection in population and livestock within the aforementioned water areas. Both population and livestock with positive findings further underwent pathogen detection using Kato-Katz technique. Results A total of 1 754. 50,1 150. 93 and 1 910. 67 hm^2 water source area,water conveyance area and lake area were investigated respectively in the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project located in Jiangdu District of Yangzhou from 2006 through 2018. Snails were not found in the water source areas between 2013 and 2015,yet ranged from zero to 141. 38 hm^2 in other years. Water conveyance areas with snails were from 0. 15 hm^2 to 1. 65 hm^2 between 2006 and 2011,no snails were found since 2012. Lake areas with snail prevalence ranged from zero to81 hm^2. A total of 40 304 capita of snails were dissected,and infected snails were found in an area of 8. 27 hm^2 at the eastern beach in Pingjiang and Shengrong beach,the inlet of Yangtze River into Jiajiang. A total of 787 capita of snails were captured by straw curtain,and no snails were found in the floating objects or around the hull. From^2006 to 2018,disease detection by serological examination was carried out in 51 401 individuals,and positive results were found in 220. However,fecal test indicated no positive findings. Infection was free in 64 capita of livestock undergone fecal detection. During 2006

关 键 词：南水北调东线 血吸虫病 钉螺 监测 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学]