论《长江保护法》立法目的之创设——以水安全价值为切入点  

On the Establishment of the Legislative Purpose of The Yangtze River Protection Law ——Taking Water Security Value as a Starting Point

作　　者：柯坚[1] 王敏 Ke Jian;Wang Min(Research Institute of Environmental Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学环境法研究所

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2019年第6期87-94,共8页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目:“生态文明与环境法的功能演变研究”(19JJD820004);国家社会科学基金一般项目:“环境法合作原则及其法律适用研究”(15BFX147)

摘　　要：立法目的既是一部法的价值选择及其展开具体制度设计的基础,也指导着法的实施。根据长江保护的现实需要和未来选择,《长江保护法》应当将水安全作为重要的立法目的之一,从而在环境法律的工具性目的与价值性目的之间建立联系,为法律提供更为明确可行的价值目标,在立法结构和内容上形成逻辑的整全性和贯通性。作为《长江保护法》立法目的的水安全包含着三个价值维度:一是与流域人民群众健康相关联的饮用水安全,二是与流域城乡建设与产业发展相关联的水资源安全,三是作为流域基础性自然生态条件保障的水生态安全。将水安全作为该法的立法目的之一,是法的安全价值的要求,也是国家环境义务的题中之义。为实现水安全的立法目的,在《长江保护法》的制度设计中应当建立基础与保质性、预防与管控性、修复与应急性三类不同的制度,形成制度合力,全面保障长江水安全。The purpose of legislation is not only the basis of the value selection of a law and the specific system design, but also guides the implementation of the law. According to the practical needs and future choices of the protection of the Yangtze river, The Yangtze River Protection Law should regard water security as one of the important legislative purposes. In this way, the relationship between the instrumental purpose and the value purpose of environmental law can be connected, so as to provide a more clear and feasible value goal for the law, and form a logical integrity and coherence in the legislative structure and contents. As the legislative purpose of The Yangtze River Protection Law, water security contains three value dimensions: the first is the drinking water safety related to the health of the people in the watershed, the second is the water resource safety related to the urban and rural construction and industrial development of the watershed,and the third is the water ecological security guaranteed as the basic natural ecological conditions of the watershed. Taking water security as one of the legislative purposes of the act is not only the requirement of the safety value of the law, but also the meaning of state environmental obligations. To realize the legislative purpose of water security, three different systems should be established in the system design of The Yangtze River Protection Law including the basic and guarantee system, and the prevention and control system, and the rehabilitation and emergency system, so as to form a joint force of systems and comprehensively guarantee the water security of the Yangtze river.

关 键 词：水安全 《长江保护法》 立法目的 饮用水安全 水资源安全 水生态安全 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]