中国陆相致密油“甜点”富集高产控制因素及勘探建议  

Enrichment and prolific factors of “sweet spots” of terrestrial tight oil in China and its exploration suggestion

作　　者：汪少勇[1] 黄福喜[1] 宋涛[1] 吕维宁[1] 贾鹏[1] 刘策[1] 范晶晶 WANG Shaoyong;HUANG Fuxi;SONG Tao;LU Weining;JIA Peng;LIU Ce;FAN Jingjing(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《成都理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期641-650,共10页Journal of Chengdu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05001-005);中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探前期项目(101018kt3032001b25)

摘　　要：通过分析中国陆相致密油成藏组合特征,研究典型致密油区“甜点”地质参数与单井产量的关系,明确致密油“甜点”富集高产控制因素,为致密油勘探开发提供依据。致密油“甜点”富集受优质烃源岩、储层物性和裂缝控制,优质烃源岩展布控制了“甜点”区的平面分布与纵向富集段,物性相对较好的致密储层控制了“甜点”的资源规模及产能,裂缝能极大地提高储层的渗流能力,致密油产量与储层厚度、黏度、压力系数正相关,但与单一因素相关性不明显。水平井产量与水平段长度、压裂液总量和压裂总加砂量密切相关,压裂液总量影响初期产量,总加砂量对累计产量影响较大。精准选取“甜点”区和“甜点”段,采用长水平段水平井开发,加大压裂液总量和压裂总加砂量是陆相致密油获得高产的前提。根据中国陆相致密油富集高产控制因素,提出如下勘探开发建议:开展地质精细评价,提高“甜点”预测精度;优化钻完井技术,降低勘探成本;通过管理体制创新,提高生产效率。On the basis of analysis of source-reservoir assemblage models of typical tight oil in China,the relationship between geological parameters and well production of“sweet spot”is studied so as to determine the enrichment and prolific factors of“sweet spots”and provide evidence for the exploration of tight oil.It shows that the enrichment of tight oil“sweet spots”is controlled by excellent source rocks,reservoir physical property and fractures respectively.In fact,the plane distribution and longitudinal enrichment section of“sweet spots”are confined by the distribution of excellent source rocks.And the resource volume and output of“sweet spots”are controlled by the reservoir with relatively better physical properties.Fractures in the rock improve the flow performance of tight oil reservoir significantly and play an important role in affecting the productivity of tight oil drilling wells.The reservoir thickness,viscosity and pressure coefficient are all positively associated with the production of tight oil wells,but the relationship between production and singular factor is not obvious.The production of a tight oil horizontal well is closely related to the length of horizontal interval,the volume of fracturing fluid and proppant.The volume of fracturing fluid has a great impact on initial production,while the fracturing proppant volume affects the cumulative production positively.It is considered that such factors as accurate location of“sweet spot”and drilling,long horizontal interval,big volume of fracturing fluid and proppant are prerequisites for high production.It is proposed that detailed geological analysis and evaluation of“sweet spot”is helpful for precise and high efficient tight oil development.Optimization of drilling technique reduces the exploration cost.Innovation of management system promotes the production efficiency and the profitable development of tight oil.

关 键 词：陆相致密油 甜点 富集高产 控制因素 勘探建议 

分 类 号：TE122.3[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]