与不同作物互作育苗对西瓜幼苗质量的影响  

Effect of Interaction Breeding between Watermelon and Different Crops on Seedling Quality

作　　者：李晓慧[1] 常高正[1] 康利允[1] 高宁宁[1] 吴占清 梁慎[1] 李海伦 程志强 王慧颖 徐小利[1] 赵卫星[1] LI Xiaohui;CHANG Gaozheng;KANG Liyun;GAO Ningning;WU Zhanqing;LIANG Shen;LI Hailun;CHENG Zhiqiang;WANG Huiying;XU Xiaoli;ZHAO Weixing(Horticulture Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Kaifeng Agricultural and Forestry Research Institute,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院园艺研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]开封市农林科学研究院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2019年第12期109-113,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-25);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2019ZC21);河南省财政预算项目(2019CY017)

摘　　要：为探究不同作物与西瓜互作育苗对西瓜幼苗的促生效果,以早熟和中晚熟西瓜为材料,设置西瓜+小麦、西瓜+大葱、西瓜+茼蒿、西瓜(CK)4个处理,测定了西瓜四叶一心期幼苗的生长、叶绿素含量、根系活力和根系吸收面积等指标,并比较了其离床存活天数和缓苗期。结果表明,供试3种作物与不同类型西瓜互作育苗均能提高西瓜幼苗根系活力、叶片叶绿素含量,与茼蒿互作的中晚熟西瓜幼苗叶片SPAD值、根系活力分别提高4.94%、68.56%;不同作物互作处理均增加了西瓜幼苗根系总吸收面积和活跃吸收面积,使西瓜幼苗离床存活天数延长,栽后缓苗期缩短,与小麦、茼蒿互作可延长离床存活天数1.4~1.9 d,缩短缓苗期0.8~1.2 d。从作物之间差异来看,茼蒿对西瓜苗促生作用最强,小麦次之,大葱相对较弱。从西瓜品种类型来看,3种作物对中晚熟西瓜幼苗的促生作用优于早熟品种。To investigate the growth-promoting effect of interaction breeding between different crops and watermelon on watermelon seedlings,early ripening and medium-late ripening watermelon were used as materials.Four treatments were set which were interaction between watermelon and wheat,watermelon and Chinese spring onion,watermelon and garland chrysanthemum,and watermelon as the control.The growth,chlorophyll content,root activity and root absorption area of the seedlings in the period of four leaves with an apical bud were measured,and the survival time and recover period departing from the seedling bed were compared.The results showed that the interaction of the three crops and different types of watermelon seedlings could improve the root activity and chlorophyll content of seedlings.The SPAD value and root activity of the interaction treatment between medium-late ripening watermelon and garland chrysanthemum were increased by 4.94%and 68.56%respectively.The total absorption area and active absorption area of watermelon seedling roots of different interaction treatments was increased,and the survival time of the watermelon seedling was lengthened,the recovery period were shortened after bed out,and interplanting with wheat and garland chrysanthemum could prolong survival time by 1.4 to 1.9 days and shorten recover period by 0.8 to 1.2 days.Seen from the differences between crops,garland chrysanthemum had the strongest promoting effect on watermelon seedling,wheat was second and Chinese spring onion was relatively weak.Seen from the varieties of watermelon,the promoting effect of three crops on seedling showed that the medium-late ripening watermelon was better than the early ripening watermelon.

关 键 词：西瓜 互作育苗 幼苗质量 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]