饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对冬毛期雄性水貂生产性能、氮代谢及能量利用率的影响  

Effects of Dietary Metabolic Energy and Crude Protein Levels on Performance,Nitrogen Metabolism and Energy Utilization of Male Minks during Winter Fur-Growing Period

作　　者：韩菲菲 钟伟[1] 张新宇 穆琳琳 陈双双 张贵贤 王殿永 李光玉[1] HAN Feifei;ZHONG Wei;ZHANG Xinyu;MU Linlin;CHEN Shuangshuang;ZHANG Guixian;WANG Dianyong;LI Guangyu(State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology,Institute of Economic Animal and Plant Science,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Changli County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qinhuangdao 066600,China;Animal Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control Center of Changli County,Qinhuangdao 066600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,特种经济动物分子生物学国家重点实验室,长春130112 [2]昌黎县农业农村局,秦皇岛066600 [3]昌黎县动物疫病预防控制中心,秦皇岛066600

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第11期5157-5167,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2019-ISAPS);吉林省重点科技成果转化项目(20160307022NY)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能(ME)和粗蛋白质(CP)水平对冬毛期雄性水貂生产性能、氮代谢及能量利用率的影响,以明确冬毛期水貂饲粮ME和CP的适宜水平,完善我国水貂营养标准。选取(145±5)日龄、体重[(1765±26)g]相近的健康雄性黑水貂180只,随机分为6组,每组30个重复,每个重复1只。采用2×3双因素试验设计,饲粮CP水平分别为30.45%、34.58%,饲粮ME水平分别为13.11、14.94、16.76 MJ/kg。预试期4 d,正试期68 d。结果表明:1)30.45%CP组水貂末重、平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)、体长和鲜皮长极显著低于34.58%CP组(P<0.01)。13.11 MJ/kg ME组末重、ADG极显著低于14.94和16.76 MJ/kg ME组(P<0.01),14.94 MJ/kg ME组ADFI、F/G、体长和鲜皮长极显著或显著高于13.11和16.76 MJ/kg ME组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。饲粮CP和ME水平对水貂末重、ADG、ADFI、F/G、体长和鲜皮长具有显著或极显著交互作用(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2)34.58%CP组食入氮、粪氮、尿氮、氮沉积显著或极显著高于30.45%CP组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。14.94 MJ/kg ME组食入氮显著或极显著高于13.11和16.76 MJ/kg ME组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。饲粮CP和ME水平对水貂净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值无显著交互作用(P>0.05),对食入氮、粪氮、尿氮、氮沉积具有极显著交互作用(P<0.01)。3)34.58%CP组消化能代谢率极显著低于30.45%CP组(P<0.01),34.58%CP组总能、粪能、尿能、消化能、ME均极显著高于30.45%组(P<0.01)。13.11 MJ/kg ME组总能、消化能、ME、总能消化率、总能代谢率和消化能代谢率显著或极显著低于14.94和16.76 MJ/kg ME组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。饲粮CP和ME水平对水貂总能、粪能、尿能、消化能、ME、总能消化率、总能代谢率和消化能代谢率具有显著或极显著交互作用(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮CP水平为34.86%、ME水平为15.08 MJ/kg时水貂能够获得较好的末重、ADG、F/G、体长和鲜皮长,�The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary metabolic energy(ME)and crude protein(CP)levels on performance,nitrogen metabolism and energy utilization of male minks during winter fur-growing period,so as to determine the optimum dietary ME and CP levels of male minks during winter fur-growing period,and improve China’s mink nutrition standards.One hundred and eighty healthy male minks at(145±5)days of age with similar body weight[(1765±26)g]were randomly assigned into 6 groups with 30 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate.A 2×3 two-factor factorial design was adopted in this study,dietary CP levels were 30.45% and 34.58%,respectively,and dietary ME levels were 13.11,14.94 and 16.76 MJ/kg,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 4 days and the trial period lasted for 68 days.The results showed as followed:1)the final weight,average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed to gain ratio(F/G),body length and fresh fur length in 30.45% CP group were significantly lower than those in 34.58% CP group.The final weight and ADG in 13.11 MJ/kg ME group were significantly lower than those in 14.94 and 16.76 MJ/kg ME groups(P<0.01),and the ADFI,F/G,body length and fresh fur length in 14.94 MJ/kg ME group were significantly higher than those in 13.11 and 16.76 MJ/kg ME groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Dietary CP and ME levels had significant interactions on final weight,ADG,ADFI,F/G,body length and fresh fur length of minks(P<0.05 or P<0.01).2)The nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen,urine nitrogen and nitrogen deposition in 34.58% CP group were significantly higher than those in 30.45% CP group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The nitrogen intake in 14.94 MJ/kg ME group was significantly higher than that in 13.11 and 16.76 MJ/kg ME groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Dietary CP and ME levels had no significant interaction on net protein utilization and biological value of protein of mink(P>0.05),but had significant interaction on nitrogen intake,fecal nitrogen,urine nitrogen and nitrogen deposition(P<0.01).3)The d

关 键 词：水貂 雄性 冬毛生长期 代谢能 粗蛋白质 生产性能 氮代谢 能量利用率 

分 类 号：S865.22[农业科学—野生动物驯养]