酵母水解物对仔猪的营养价值评定  

Evaluation of Nutritional Value of Yeast Hydrolysate in Piglets

作　　者：赵娜[1] 戴晋军 魏金涛[1] 黄少文[1] 杨雪海[1] 陈芳[1] 杜恩存 胡骏鹏 ZHAO Na;DAI Jinjun;WEI Jintao;HUANG Shaowen;YANG Xuehai;CHEN Fang;DU Encun;HU Junpeng(Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Wuhan 430064,China;Angel Yeast Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443000,China;Angel Yeast(Chongzuo)Co.,Ltd.,Chongzuo 532201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,武汉430064 [2]安琪酵母股份有限责任公司,宜昌443000 [3]安琪酵母(崇左)有限公司,崇左532201

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第11期5338-5344,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：湖北省农业创新项目(2016-620-000-001-028);广西壮族自治区科技计划(2017AB56026)

摘　　要：本研究通过化学分析和消化代谢试验,评定仔猪对酵母水解物的消化能、粗蛋白质和氨基酸等的生物利用率。在发酵温度34℃、pH 6.4条件下发酵24 h获得纯培养液体酿酒酵母乳,再在温度95℃热击45 s,控制温度60℃、添加5‰的柠檬酸条件下,进行24 h自溶,然后加入2‰木瓜蛋白酶、2‰碱性蛋白酶、2‰甘露聚糖酶、2‰β-葡聚糖酶、2‰中性蛋白酶等酶解作用16 h后浓缩喷雾干燥获得酵母水解物。试验选用12头体重(20.50±0.98)kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交猪进行体内消化代谢试验,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。2组试验动物分别饲喂纯合饲粮和以酵母水解物为唯一蛋白质来源的半纯合饲粮。预试期3 d,正试期4 d。结果表明:酵母水解物的总能为19.17 MJ/kg,粗蛋白质含量为54.30%,总氨基酸含量为43.37%。酵母水解物在仔猪上的表观消化能为14.98 MJ/kg,表观代谢能为14.58 MJ/kg;氮表观消化率为89.38%,氮真消化率达到93.01%;氮表观利用率为51.16%,氮真利用率则为70.21%。酵母水解物的组氨酸回肠真消化率为78.68%,其他必需氨基酸的回肠真消化率都高于90.00%;非必需氨基酸中回肠表观消化率和真消化率最高的均为丙氨酸,分别为95.10%、97.29%。有此可见,该工艺条件下制备的酵母水解物为易于被仔猪消化利用的高蛋白质饲料原料。In this study,the bioavailability of yeast hydrolysate to digestive energy,crude protein and amino acids of piglets was assessed by chemical analysis and digestion and metabolism tests.Under fermentation temperature 34℃,pH 6.4 fermentation for 24 h conditions to obtain pure culture liquid Saccharomyces cerevisiae milk,and then under heat shock at 45℃ for 45 s,control temperature 60℃,added 5‰ citric acid conditions,then autolysis for 24 h,added 2‰ papain,2‰alkaline protease,2‰ mannanase,2‰ β-glucanase and 2‰ neutral protease,and enzymatic hydrolysis for 16 h,concentrated spray drying to obtain yeast hydrolysate.Twelve“Duroc×Langdrance×Large White”hybrid piglets with body weight of(20.50±0.98)kg were selected in the in vivo digestion and metabolism test,and randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate.Test animals in the two groups were fed a purified diet and a semi-purified diet with yeast hydrolysate as the sole source of protein.The pre-test period was 3 days and the trial period was 4 days.The results showed that the gross energy of yeast hydrolysate was 19.17 MJ/kg,the crude protein content was 54.30%,and the total amino acid content was 43.37%.The apparent digestion energy and apparent metabolizable energy of yeast hydrolysate in piglets were 14.98 and 14.58 MJ/kg,respectively;the nitrogen apparent digestibility was 89.38%,and the nitrogen true digestibility was 93.01%;the nitrogen apparent utilization rate was 51.16%,and the nitrogen true utilization rate was 70.21%.The ileal true digestibility of histidine was 78.68%,and the ileal true digestibility of other essential amino acids was higher than 90.00%;among the non-essential amino acids,the highest ileal apparent digestibility and true digestibility were alanine,which were 95.10% and 97.29%,respectively.In conclusion,the yeast hydrolysate prepared under the process conditions is a high protein feed material which is easily digested by piglets.

关 键 词：酵母水解物 制备工艺 仔猪 消化能 消化率 回肠氨基酸 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]