海南省五指山及其南麓区域中药资源概况与中药产业发展建议  

Present Situation and Suggestions on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources of Wuzhi Mountain and Its South Region in Hainan Province

作　　者：王德立[1] 朱平[1] 郑希龙[1] 杨海建[1] WANG De-li;ZHU Ping;ZHENG Xi-long;YANG Hai-jian(Hainan-branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Haikou 570311,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所海南分所

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2019年第10期1354-1361,共8页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)

摘　　要：目的:为第四次全国中药资源普查提供海南省五指山山脉中药资源调查数据,全面掌握该区域中药资源现状,并制定适宜的中药产业发展规划。方法:采用第四次全国中药资源普查方法,设立"样带、样地、样方",结合现场调查、走访等措施,收集野生和栽培中药资源种类、储量及销售情况数据。结果:海南省五指山辖区分布野生中药物种540种,隶属118个科;保亭辖区分布野生中药物种591种,隶属123个科。调查到全国重点药材物种47种,海南省重点药材19种;中国特有物种26种,海南省特有种17种。全省主要栽培药材13种,其中面积较大的为槟榔、益智、胆木、龙眼、荔枝、牛大力等。结论:海南省五指山辖区气候类型多样,野生中药资源丰富。森林覆盖率高、土地资源少,适宜发展林下药材种植,重点发展特色"南药"产业。Objective:To provide the accurate data of traditional Chinese medicine resources of Wuzhi mountain in Hainan province for office of general survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources,to master the present situation of this region and formulate a plan of developing of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:The methods of the fourth national survey on Chinese material medical resources were used in the investigation process in Wuzhi mountain region.The line transects,plots and quadrats were setted up to obtain the wild Chinese material medical resources.The data of species,resources and sales situation of cultivated medicinal materials was collected via field investigation and interview.Results:540 species of wild medicinal materials,belonging to 118 famillies,were fined in Wuzhi mountain region.And 591 species those belong to 123 famillies were found in Baoting region.In these species,47 species belong to national key medicinal materials,19 species belong to Hainan key medicinal meterials,26 species of Chinese endemic plants and 17 species of Hainan endemic plants grow in this region.13 species were cultivated on large scale,such as Areca catechu L.,Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,Nauclea officinalis Pierre exPitard,Dimocarpus longan Lour.,Litchi chinensis Sonn.Millettia speciosa Champ.etc.Conclusion:There are various climatic types in Wuzhi mountain region,and rich species of traditional Chinese medicine distribute in this county.The available land resources are less because of high forest coverage.So a number of shady species of herbs should be cultivated,and the industry of characteristic southern medicinal material should be developed especially.

关 键 词：中药资源普查 重点药材 南药 海南省 五指山市 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]