不同氮钾水平对杂交稻K两优1269干物质生产及产量的影响  

Effect of N and K Applications on Dry Matter Generation and Yield of Hybrid Rice K Liangyou 1269

作　　者：刘端华 LIU Duan-hua(Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jianyang,Fujian 354200,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省南平市农业科学研究所，福建 建阳 354200

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2019年第9期997-1002,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-70);福建省科技计划星火项目(2017S0043);福建省科技计划引导性项目(2017N0053)

摘　　要：【目的】明确氮钾水平与杂交稻K两优1269干物质生成、产量的关系,为两系杂交稻新品种K两优1269生产上合理施肥提供参考。【方法】以两系杂交稻新品种K两优1269为供试材料,设置7个氮钾水平组合处理,测定水稻各生育期叶绿素含量、干物质量及产量,研究不同氮钾水平对干物质生产及产量的影响。【结果】同一施钾水平下,叶片的SPAD值随施氮水平提高而增加,而不同施钾水平对SPAD值的影响相对较小;群体生长率在移栽至栽后30 d与施氮水平呈线性关系,栽后30 d至齐穗期、齐穗期至成熟期呈抛物线型关系,以施氮水平18 g·m^-2处理为最高,群体生长率随施钾水平在各个时期均呈抛物线型关系,以施钾水平20 g·m^-2处理为最高;栽后30 d的茎叶干物质积累量随施氮水平的增加而提高,齐穗期和成熟期的茎叶、穗和总干物质积累量与施氮水平均呈抛物线关系,以施氮水平18 g·m^-2处理为最高,茎叶、穗和总干物质积累量多数与施钾水平呈抛物线关系,以施钾水平20 g·m^-2处理为最高;稻谷产量随施氮水平或施钾水平均呈抛物线型关系,以施氮水平18 g·m^-2处理、施钾水平20 g·m^–2处理为最高。【结论】杂交稻K两优1269在闽北地区最高稻谷产量的氮肥施用量是22.09 g·m^-2,钾肥施用量是19.14 g·m^-2,每生产100 kg K两优1269稻谷需施用N 2.21 kg,施用K2O 1.91 kg。【Objective】Effects of N and K applications on dry matter generation and yield of two-line hybrid rice K Liangyou 1269 in the field were observed to optimize the fertilization practice.【Method】The rice plants were treated with N and K at 7 levels.The chlorophyll,dry matters,and panicles formed of the growing plants were monitored,and the grain yield determined at harvest.【Result】The leaf SPAD of the plants increased with increasing N at a constant K level,but not significantly at varied K applications.From the beginning to 30 d after transplantation,the crop growth rate(CGR)increased linearly as N increased but changed to a parabolic correlation afterward with a peak CGR observed at the N application of 18 g·m^-2.The K application and CGR of the plants at all growth stages exhibited a parabolic relationship with the highest CGR at 20 g K·m^-2.The dry matter accumulation in stems and leaves rose linearly with increasing N in 30 d after transplantation but peaked under 18 g N·m^-2 in the period from full heading to maturation.Between the stem/leaf dry matter accumulation and K application a basically parabolic pattern existed with a maximized content of dry matters under 20 g K·m^-2.The grain yields also parabolically correlated to either N or K application that peaked at 18 g N·m^-2 and 20 g K·m^-2.【Conclusion】Based upon the test results,the applications of N at 22.09 g·m^-2 and of K at 19.14 g·m^-2,or 2.21 kg N and 1.91 kg K2O for 100 kg grains,were recommended for cultivation of K Liangyou 1269 in northern Fujian.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 K两优1269 氮钾水平 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]