理想气体的实验系数求解探究  

Research on solving experimental coefficients of the ideal gas

作　　者：塔金星[1] TA Jin-xing(School of Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学理学院

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2019年第21期98-99,共2页Heilongjiang Science

基　　金：东北林业大学教育教学研究课题资金资助(DGY2017-50)

摘　　要：“热力学与统计物理”是高等学校物理学专业的必修课程,其中,物态方程是热力学与统计物理教学中一个比较重要的方程。在实际教学中,讲解具体物质的物态方程前,需要引入与之紧密相关的实验系数,例如体胀系数、压强系数、等温压缩系数及三者之间满足的关系式。为了更好地丰富教学内容,备课时需要参看多种教材。针对热力学与统计物理的教学过程,选取了理想气体为研究对象,详细探讨了科学出版社教材中关于理想气体的实验系数等压变迁的膨胀系数、等温变迁的压缩系数以及体积弹性系数求解时出现的问题,并给出了理想气体实验系数的求解过程及具有自洽性的正确结果。在实际教学中,教师为了丰富教学内容可能需要参考很多教材,但是在阅读时一定要仔细思考其中的物理思想、公式形式的得出过程及其意义,避免在教学中利用不恰当的结果或公式形式传授知识,给学生带来学习的困惑。要引导学生勤于思考,培养学生找到具有传知启智、教化育人作用的学习资料的能力。“Thermodynamics and statistical physics”is a compulsory course for physics majors in colleges and universities.Among them,equation of state is an important equation in the teaching of thermodynamics and statistical physics.In practical teaching,before explaining the equation of state of a specific substance,it is necessary to introduce closely related experimental coefficients,such as expansion coefficient,pressure coefficient,isothermal compression coefficient and the relationship between them.In order to enrich the teaching content better,we need to refer to a variety of teaching materials when preparing lessons.Aiming at the teaching of thermodynamics and statistical physics,the ideal gas is selected as the research object.The expansion coefficient,compression coefficient and volumetric elasticity coefficient of the experimental coefficient of ideal gas in the textbook of Science Press are discussed in detail.The main manifestation is that there is no self-consistency between the results.The process of calculating the experimental coefficients of ideal gases and the correct results with self-consistency are given.In the actual teaching,teachers may need to refer to many teaching materials in order to enrich the teaching content,but when reading,they must carefully think about the process and significance of the physical thought and formula form,so as to avoid using inappropriate results or formula form to impart knowledge in the teaching and bring confusion to students.We should guide students to be diligent in thinking and cultivate students’ability to find learning materials with the function of spreading knowledge,enlightening wisdom and educating people.

关 键 词：理想气体 热力学与统计物理 实验系数 求解 

分 类 号：O414.12[理学—理论物理]