2015和2018年承德市区PM2.5排放与来源对比分析  

COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF EMISSIONS AND SOURCES OF PM2.5 IN THE URBAN AREA IN CHENGDE IN 2015 AND 2018

作　　者：周胜[1,2] 陈桐生 黄报远 林少雄 ZHOU Sheng;CHEN Tong-sheng;HUANG Bao-yuan;LIN Shao-xiong(Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Beijng Zhongzi Huarui Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 102600,China;South China Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510655,China;Zhaoqing Environmental Technology Centre,Zhaoqing 526060,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院,广州510225 [2]北京中咨华瑞工程科技有限公司,北京102600 [3]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655 [4]肇庆市环境技术中心,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第11期125-131,共7页Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：于2015和2018年夏、冬季在承德市区采集PM 2.5样品,对比分析了PM 2.5中水溶性离子和元素的污染特征及来源。结果显示:2018年夏、冬季ρ(PM 2.5)分别为(30.6±15.0),(33.5±14.6)μg/m 3,与2015年相比,ρ(PM 2.5)分别下降33.8%和44.2%,总水溶性离子浓度分别下降31.0%和42.8%。夏、冬季均呈现出SO 2-4>NO-3>NH+4的浓度变化趋势,硫氧化率和氮氧化率分析结果显示:夏季SO 2和NO x等气态前体物更易发生二次转化,高浓度前体物排放是冬季二次组分产生的主要原因;与2015年相比,2018年气态前体物的二次转化更为明显。2018年承德市区PM 2.5主要来自二次源(23.382%~26.013%)、扬尘源(19.826%~22.412%)和工业源(16.329%~18.729%)的贡献;与2015年相比,由于承德市积极推进绿色施工、煤电行业超低排放等措施,2018年扬尘源、燃煤源对市区PM 2.5的贡献降低,但移动源对市区PM 2.5的贡献有所增加。因此,建议承德市继续加强对移动源和扬尘等排放源的治理。PM 2.5 samples were collected during summer and winter in Chengde in 2015 and 2018.Pollution characteristics and sources of water-soluble ions and elements in PM 2.5 were analyzed.Results indicated that PM 2.5 concentrations were(30.6±15.0)and(33.5±14.6)μg/m 3,respectively during summer and winter in 2018.PM 2.5 concentrations decreased by 33.8%and 44.2%,respectively during summer and winter compared with that in 2015,while the total water-soluble ions decreased by 31.0%and 42.8%.The concentrations of SO 2-4,NO-3,and NH+4 showed a decreasing trend during summer and winter.The results of sulfate oxidation ratio and nitrate oxidation ratio indicated that the gaseous precursors(e.g.,SO 2 and NO x)were prone to conduct secondary transformation during summer,while the higher emissions of gaseous precursors were the main reason of the secondary component formation during winter.The secondary transformation of the gaseous precursors was more obvious in 2018 compared with that in 2015.The main sources of PM 2.5 were secondary sources(23.382%~26.013%),fugitive dust sources(19.826%~22.412%),and industrial sources(16.329%~18.729%)in the urban area in Chengde in 2018.Due to the promoting of the green construction and the measures on ultra-low emissions in the coal-fired power plants,the contributions of fugitive dust sources and coal sources on PM 2.5 in the urban area decreased in 2018 compared with in 2015,while the contribution of mobile sources on the PM 2.5 increased.Therefore,the control of mobile sources,fugitive dust sources,and other sources should be strengthened in Chengde.

关 键 词：PM2.5 夏、冬季 元素 水溶性离子 来源分析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]