拉萨市生活垃圾卫生填埋场土壤重金属调查和分析评价  

INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH ABOUT SOIL HEAVY METALS IN THE VICINITY OF THE DOMESTIC WASTE SANITARY LANDFILL SITE-LHASA

作　　者：旦增[1,2] 周鹏 汪晶 穷达卓玛 周文武 李扬 陈冠益[1,2] DAN Zeng;ZHOU Peng;WANG Jing;QIONGDA-zhuoma;ZHOU Wen-wu;LI Yang;CHEN Guan-yi(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;The College of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境工程学院,天津300072 [2]西藏大学理学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第11期194-199,154,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：西藏自治区重点科技计划项目(Z2016C01G01106);西藏自治区自然基金项目(2016ZR-15-12);西藏自治区青年创新支持计划项目(QCZ2016-01)。

摘　　要：为分析、掌握拉萨市生活垃圾填埋场周边土壤环境中重金属含量和污染水平,于2018年4月17日对拉萨市生活垃圾填埋场场界正东、正南、西南、正北和东北5个方向进行现场采样,并采用标准指数法、污染指数法、地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对填埋场周边土壤重金属含量和污染进行了分析和评价。结果表明:拉萨市生活垃圾填埋场对周边土壤环境产生了一定污染,虽然各重金属元素均满足GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准,但Pb、Cr、Ni、Cd、As、Hg、Zn均高于拉萨城市土壤元素背景值,其中Cr高于GB 36600—2018《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》第一类用地风险管控值1~3倍,为轻度污染;相对于第一类用地风险筛选值和管控值,综合污染评价结果为中度污染和无污染;地积累指数评价结果表明Cr和Hg在个别监测点为轻度污染;各监测点综合潜在生态危害为轻微生态危害,其危害程度排序为西南>正南>正北>正东>东北。As an important environmental pollution source in local areas,the domestic waste landfill site has considerable pollution risk to the surrounding soil environment.In this paper,the heavy metals content and pollution level in the soil environment around the municipal solid waste landfill site in Lhasa was analyzed and mastered.On April 17,2018,on-site sampling was carried out in five directions,namely,the east,south,southwest,north and northeast of Lhasa municipal solid waste landfill site,and then soil metals around the landfill site were analysed and assessed,by using standard index method,pollution index,index of Geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk index.The result showed that the municipal solid waste landfill had caused soil environment pollution to surrounding soil environment.Although all heavy metal elements met the second level of the soil environmental quality standard(GB 15618—1995),the heavy metals including Pb,Cr,Ni,Cd,As,Hg and Zn were all higher than the background values of urban soil elements in Lhasa.And Cr was 1~3 times higher than the risk control value of the first type of land in the Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard of Construction Land(China National Standard,GB 36600—2018),which was light pollution.Compared with the risk screening value and control value of the first type of land use,the comprehensive pollution evaluation result was moderate pollution and non-pollution.The results of the index of geoaccumulation evaluation showed that Cr and Hg were slightly polluted at individual monitoring points.The potential ecological risk index of each monitoring point was slight ecological hazard,and the hazard degree was ranked as follows:southwest>south>north>east>northeast.

关 键 词：拉萨 生活垃圾卫生填埋场 土壤重金属 分析 评价 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]