陕西省某铅锌冶炼厂周边土壤中重金属污染评价及特征分析  

Assessment and characteristics of heavy metal contamination in soil around some Pb-Zn smelting plant in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：周弛 念娟妮 王晓岩 张沛 张会强 刘敏 Zhou Chi;Nian Juanni;Wang Xiaoyan;Zhang Pei;Zhang Huiqiang;Liu Min(Shaanxi Province Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Xi’an Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省环境监测中心站

出　　处：《环境与发展》2019年第11期109-111,共3页Environment & Development

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201109053)

摘　　要：本文以陕西省南部某铅锌冶炼厂为研究对象,分析了厂区周围32个点位土壤样品中8种重金属元素(Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu、Hg、As、Cr、Ni)含量。依据有关标准,按照内梅罗污染指数法对土壤污染程度进行了评价。结果表明:冶炼厂周边土壤污染程度已非常严重,重污染有24个点位,占75.0%,中度和轻度污染各有4个点位,分别占12.5%。通过与历史数据比较及剖面数据分析,发现除Cr和Ni外,厂区周边土壤中其他6种重金属污染随着时间的推移将越来越严重,而且在厂区下风向有进一步向深层土壤扩散的趋势。相关性分析显示,Cd-Zn-Pb-Cu-Hg-As之间显著正相关,而Cr和Ni之间显著相关,说明Cd-Zn-Pb-Cu-Hg-As具有复合污染的特征和相同来源,最后,用主成分分析对污染特征及来源做了进一步的佐证。结论为厂区周围Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu、Hg、As污染是由冶炼企业引起,而Cr和Ni可能还未受到冶炼厂污染。The concentrations of heavy metal(Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu、Hg、As、Cr、Ni)in 32 soils sampling sites around lead-zinc smelting plant of southern Shaanxi province were determinaed.The pollution degrees were assessed by using Nemerow pollution index method.The results showed that the pollution degree of the soils were very seriously,which there are 24 sampling sites in heavy pollution,4 sampling sites in medium and light pollution,respectively.Compared with Historical data and soli profile data,The pollution of Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu、Hg and As will more and more seriously with time in the soils,and the pollution will spread to deep layer soil in downwind of the plant.Correlation analysis displayed that Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu,Hg and As attained a significantly positive correlation level,while a significantly positive correlation in Cr and Ni.Principal component analysis further confirmed that Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu,Hg and As combined pollution character and the same pollution source from the plant,but the pollution of Cr and Ni may not be from the plant.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 内梅罗污染指数 相关性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]