磁路和天线位置对2 cm电子回旋共振离子推力器性能影响的实验研究  

Experimental study of magnetic circuit and antenna position influence on performance of 2 cm electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster

作　　者：夏旭 杨涓[1] 金逸舟 杭观荣 付瑜亮 胡展 Xia Xu;Yang Juan;Jin Yi-Zhou;Hang Guan-Rong;Fu Yu-Liang;Hu Zhan(School of Astronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航天学院,西安710072 [2]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112

出　　处：《物理学报》2019年第23期224-234,共11页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11875222)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：磁路和天线位置对电子回旋共振离子推力器(electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster, ECRIT)的电子加热、等离子体约束和输运过程都有很大的影响,进而影响离子束流引出和中和器耦合电压.本文开展不同磁路和天线位置下2 cm ECRIT离子束流和耦合电压变化规律的实验研究.通过比较不同磁路的离子源和中和器的束流引出特性,选出合理的磁路结构,再比较不同天线位置对束流引出的影响.归纳了磁路和天线位置对ECRIT的性能影响规律,得到合理的推力器结构.实验结果表明:功率和流量的增加有助于提高离子引出束流和降低电子引出压;保持天线空间位置不变,合理的磁路结构能增大电子获能并减小粒子损失,从而提高引出离子束流并降低耦合电压;在合理磁路结构条件下,离子源和中和器存在有利于离子引出和降低耦合电压的合理天线位置.根据实验结果选择出结构较优的中和器和离子源进行中和实验.结果表明:有无中和器工作时对离子源束流引出的影响较小;功率和流量为1 W, 0.1 sccm (1 sccm=1 mL/min)的中和器与功率和流量为2 W, 0.3 sccm的离子源能良好匹配工作,性能指标为离子束流5.3 mA、放电损耗337.5 W/A、推进剂利用率24.7%、推力368.6μN、比冲1277.6 s、中和器耦合电压17.4 V.研究结果有助于理解推力器工作机理,并为设计和性能优化提供参考.The advantages of miniature electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster(ECRIT) for space propulsion are long-life and simple-structure. The magnetic circuit and antenna position of ECRIT are crucial in the electron heating, plasma confinement and transportation process, which affect the beam extraction and the coupling voltage of neutralizer. In this article, the experimental studies on the ion beam extraction and coupling voltage of 2 cm ECRIT with different magnetic circuits and antenna positions are carried out. By comparing the beam extraction characteristics of the ion source and neutralizer of different magnetic circuits, a reasonable magnetic circuit structure is selected. And the influences of different antenna positions on the beam are compared. The influences of the magnetic circuit and antenna position on the performance of ECRIT are summarized to obtain a reasonable thruster structure. The experimental results show that the extracted beam increases with microwave power and xenon mass flow rate increasing. When the spatial position of antenna is fixed, a suitable magnetic circuit structure can increase electron heating and reduce particle loss, which is suitable for extracting ions and reducing the coupling voltage. With a suitable magnetic circuit, there is a suitable antenna position favourable for extracting ions and reducing the coupling voltage. According to the experimental results, the optimal structure of ion source and neutralizer are selected for neutralization experiments. The results show that when the neutralizer works, the beam extraction of the ion source is affected very little. When the neutralizer and ion source operate under the parameters of power and mass flow rate, respectively, of 1 W and 0.1 sccm(1 sccm = 1 mL/min), and also 2 W and 0.3 sccm, the thruster can operate coordinately to generate an ion beam of 5.3 mA, a discharge loss of 337.5 W/A, propellant utilization efficiency of 24.7%, thrust force of368.6 μN, thrust specific impulse of 1277.6 s, and neutralizer coupling voltag

关 键 词：电子回旋共振离子推力器 束流引出 中和 

分 类 号：TN8[电子电信—信息与通信工程]