对旋风机电动机变极调速控制与节能分析  

Pole-changing control of motors and its energy saving of contra-rotating axial-flow fan

作　　者：孙晓波[1] 孟大伟[1] 杨小妮 SUN Xiao-bo;MENG Da-wei;YANG Xiao-ni(School of Electric and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2019年第11期60-66,共7页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275137)

摘　　要：针对对旋风机大流量运行时后级电机轻载运行效率过低,而小流量运行时后级电机功率增大甚至过载的问题,采用电动机变极调速的方法,仿真分析获得各转速配合的风机及叶轮的全压升、效率和轴功率特性,给出高效率运行范围。采用对称轴线法设计一款单绕组双速三相异步电动机,其基波绕组系数在6极时为0. 925,8极时为0. 945,其额定效率在6极时为89. 0%,8极时为90. 7%,性能指标满足风机叶轮驱动要求。最后,分析对旋风机电动机变极调速节能原理,给出相应的控制方法。该方法控制简单,不明显增加投入,最高可节能50%以上。Aiming at the problems of the low efficiency of the rear motor because of its light load when the contra-rotating axial-flow fan runs under the large-flow-rate condition and the power sharp increasing and even overload of the rear motor when the contra-rotating axial-flow fan runs under the partial-flow-rate condition,the total pressure rise,efficiency and shaft power characteristics of the fan and two impellers with different speed matching were obtained through numerical simulation analysis and the method of pole-changing speed control of the front and rear motors,and the high efficiency operation range of each speed matching was also given.Then a single-winding two-speed three-phase asynchronous motor was designed,of which the fundamental winding coefficient is 0.925 at 6 poles and 0.945 at 8 poles and the rated efficiency is 89.0%at 6 poles and 90.7%at 8 poles.The performance index of the motor satisfies the requirement of fan impeller.Finally,the energy saving principle of pole changing control for the motors of the contra-rotating axial-flow fan was analyzed,and the method of pole changing control of the motors under a given flow rate was given,which is simple and with less investment,and the calculation results show that the maximum energy saving percent is above 50%.

关 键 词：对旋风机 单绕组双速异步电动机 绕组设计 变极调速 高效率运行 

分 类 号：TM343.2[电气工程—电机]