基于隐私保护的央行数字货币监管审计架构  

The Framework of CDBC Supervision and Auditing based on Privacy Preserving

作　　者：陈逸涛 周志洪[1] 陈恭亮[1] CHEN Yi-tao;ZHOU Zhi-hong;CHEN Gong-liang(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学

出　　处：《通信技术》2019年第12期3032-3038,共7页Communications Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“电子货币新原理与新方法研究”（No.2017YFB0802500)~~

摘　　要：随着对央行数字货币的不断探索和研究,其双层运营体系的架构即上层为中国人民银行、下层为商业机构最终确定。央行数字货币作为国家的法定数字货币,必然要求在确保用户隐私的基础上,在监管上需做到预防虚假交易或被篡改的交易出现,在审计上做到通过交易记录查询到违法交易双方的信息。RSCoin提出了基于双层链的央行电子货币架构有效分离了发币和交易支付,但是在一定程度上忽略了隐私保护和监管,且下层的支付链的操作方式不能满足当前的支付需求。方案探索性地提出了一种可行的带有审计和监管功能的双层链架构实现其央行数字货币的双层营运体系的监管和审计要求,利用承诺方案的隐藏性确保满足隐私保护的需求,同时利用零知识证明使其确保交易的正确性,且门限Paillier加密方案使其无需第三方可信平台达到了有效审计的功能。With the continuous exploration and research on the central bank digital currency(CBDC),the framework of two-layers operation system—the upper layer is the People’s Bank of China and the lower level is the commercial organization—is finally determined.As the country’s legal digital currency,CBDC must ensure,on the basis of user privacy protection,to prevent the occurrence of false transactions or falsified transactions in the supervision,and to verify the information of both parties to the illegal transaction through the transaction records.RSCoin proposed a CDBC structure based on two-layers Blockchain and effectively separated the currency and transaction payments,but to some extent ignore the demand of privacy-preserving and supervision,and the operation mode of the lower payment chain is not able to meet the current payment demand.A feasible two-layers blockchain architecture with auditing and monitoring capabilities is proposed to meet regulatory and audit requirements of CBDC that leverages the hiding attribute of commitment to satisfy the privacy-preserving requirements,while using zero-knowledge proofs to ensure the correctness of transactions.Threshold Paillier encryption scheme eliminates the need for third-party trusted platforms to achieve effective auditing.

关 键 词：保密交易 隐私保护 监管 审计 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]