不同赋权方法的综合水质标识指数法对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Comprehensive Water Quality Identification Index Method Based on Different Weighting Method

作　　者：程卫国 李亚斌 苏燕[1,2] 王坚 CHENGWeiguo;LI Yabin;SU Yan;WANG Jian(Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shenyang 110167,China;Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Urban Ecology,Shenyang 110167,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳环境科学研究院,沈阳110167 [2]辽宁省城市生态重点实验室,沈阳110167

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2019年第11期93-99,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20170540733);沈阳市科学事业费项目(sysy2017-025)

摘　　要：【目的】明确宁夏清水河各水质监测断面的水质分布特征,为流域水质评价提供依据,基于清水河3个水质监测断面(二十里铺、三营、泉眼山)2014-2016年的监测数据。【方法】采用主成分分析法对检测数据进行筛选,选择具有代表性的水质检测指标,应用综合水质标识指数法对该地区水质做出评价;结合3种赋权方法(超标倍数法、变异系数法、熵权法)对传统的综合水质标识指数法进行改进,并做进一步对比分析。【结果】综合水质标识指数分析法显示二十里铺断面水质评价结果为Ⅱ类且基本保持稳定;三营断面2014、2015年评价结果满足Ⅲ类水质标准,2016年评价结果为Ⅳ类水质标准,且该断面水质有变差的趋势;泉眼山断面评价结果为Ⅱ类水且逐年减小,该断面水质有进一步变好的趋势。【结论】应用不同赋权方法对3个断面水质进行评价,评价结果均达到水功能区划要求,但超标倍数法和熵权法计算过程中存在一定缺陷,变异系数法较其他2种赋权方法更为合理。【Objective】In order to analyze the water quality distribution characteristics of each water quality monitoring section of Qingshui River in Ningxia, provide a basis for water quality assessment, based on three water quality section monitoring data on Qingshui River in Ningxia from 2014 to 2016.【Method】Using the method of Principal Component Analysis to select the evaluate data and choose representative water quality indicators to issue Comprehensive Water Quality Identification Index evaluation and combined with 3 weighting methods to do further comparative analysis.【Result】The comprehensive water quality identification index show that the Ershilipu section water quality evaluation results for class II water and remained stable. The Sanying section evaluation results meet the class III water in 2014 and 2015 years, the evaluation results meet class IV water in 2016, It shows that the water quality of this section has a trend of decrease. The Quanyanshan section evaluation results for the class II water and reduced year by year, the water quality has become the trend of further good.【Conclusion】The three section water quality evaluation using different weighting methods reached the water function zoning requirements, there were some defects in the Standard Multiple Method and the Entropy Weight Method, and the Variation Coefficient Method was more suitable than the other two weighting methods.

关 键 词：综合水质标识指数法 权重 主成分分析 水质评价 清水河 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]