乳业振兴背景下中国牛奶业地理集聚的时空变迁研究  

Study on the temporal and spatial changes of the geographical agglomeration of China’s dairy industry under the background of revitalization of dairy industry

作　　者：王钿 赵向豪 王晓琼 刘国勇[1] WANG Tian;ZHAO Xianghao;WANG Xiaoqiong;LIU Guoyong(School of Economics and Trade,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学经济与贸易学院

出　　处：《中国乳品工业》2019年第10期37-40,共4页China Dairy Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71764029);新疆研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2017059)

摘　　要：在乳业振兴背景下基于农业空间分工理论,采用区位基尼系数、重心移动法和产业集中率,考察中国牛奶业地理集聚的时空变迁特征。研究表明,1997-2016年中国牛奶业的地理集聚程度逐年有所增强,并经历了"减弱-增强-减弱"的发展态势,表现出阶段性时空特征;中国牛奶业的生产重心逐渐朝着东南方向移动,在河北省和山西省之间移动,移动距离较小,移动速度逐渐变慢,移动方向变化较为频繁;中国牛奶主产区逐渐向北移动,北方地区成为中国牛奶的主产区,内蒙古自治区、黑龙江省、河北省和河南省成为中国牛奶生产的四大主产区,上海市与四川省因人口增长及产业节构调整,牛奶生产退出主产区行列。因此,基于中国牛奶业地理集聚时空变迁特征,整合牛奶生产资源,创新牛奶加工技术,严格加强质量与环境控制,根据市场导向实现有效供给,推进牛奶产业空间布局,以实现中国各区域牛奶业市场协同发展。In the context of the revitalization of the dairy industry, based on the theory of agricultural space division, the spatial and temporal changes of the geographical agglomeration of China’s dairy industry were investigated by using the location Gini coefficient, the center of gravity movement method and the industrial concentration rate. The research shows that the degree of geographical agglomeration of China’s milk industry has increased from 1997 to 2016 year by year, and has experienced the development trend of"weakening-enhancing-weakening", showing stage-time and space characteristics;the production focus of China’s dairy industry is gradually moving toward the southeast.The direction moves, moving between Hebei Province and Shanxi Province, the moving distance is small, the moving speed is gradually slower, and the moving direction changes more frequently;the main milk producing area in China gradually moves northward, and the northern region becomes the main producing area of Chinese milk. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Heilongjiang Province, Hebei Province and Henan Province have become the four main producing areas of China’s milk production. Due to population growth and industrial regulation in Shanghai and Sichuan Province, milk production has withdrawn from the main producing areas. Therefore, based on the characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes of the geographical gathering of China’s milk industry, integrating milk production resources, innovating milk processing technology, strictly strengthening quality and environmental control, achieving effective supply according to market orientation, and promoting the spatial layout of the milk industry to realize the dairy market in various regions of China. Coordinated development.

关 键 词：乳业振兴 牛奶业 地理集聚 时空变迁 中国 

分 类 号：F329.9[经济管理—产业经济]