贵州纳朵洞洞穴滴水理化特征及其石漠化响应  

Physical and chemical characteristics of dripping water in Naduo cave of Guizhou and its response to stony desertification

作　　者：王家录[1,2] 李维杰 王建力 王红[2] WANG Jialu;LI Weijie;WANG Jianli;WANG Hong(School of Geography Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of resources and environmental engineering,Anshun University,Anshun,Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]安顺学院资源与环境工程学院,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《人民长江》2019年第11期56-63,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：贵州省科技合作计划项目(黔科合LH字[2014]7498号,黔科合LH字[2017]7059号);贵州省科技计划院士工作站项目(黔科合平台人才[2016]5602号)

摘　　要：2016年1~12月期间,选取气候条件一致、石漠化等级不同的纳朵洞主洞(地表潜在石漠化)及其附近小洞(地表中度石漠化)进行了1 a的监测,对比分析了不同强度石漠化条件下的洞穴滴水的理化指标(pH值、电导率EC、Ca^2+与Mg^2+等)及其洞穴环境特征(温度、CO2浓度)。研究结果表明:①纳朵洞主洞及其附近小洞洞穴滴水的pH均值分别为7.8,8.2,夏季主洞CO2浓度是小洞的4~5倍,说明石漠化程度高的洞穴滴水pH值高于石漠化程度低的洞穴滴水,而洞穴的CO2浓度则相反。②纳朵洞主洞洞内年平均气温16.6℃,而小洞观测点年平均气温为13.0℃,主洞(石漠化程度低)比小洞(石漠化程度高)更好地响应地表多年年均气温(16.2℃),石漠化程度高的洞穴气温和滴水的电导率较石漠化程度低的变幅大。③纳朵洞主洞及其附近小洞洞穴滴水的Ca^2+质量浓度平均值变化范围分别为38~75 mg/L和30~53 mg/L,说明石漠化程度低的洞穴滴水的Ca^2+离子浓度相对偏高。During the period from January to December in 2016, two caves with the same climatic conditions and different stony desertification levels(i.e., the Naduo cave in surface potential stony desertification level and the nearby small cave in moderate stony desertification level) were monitored for a year, and the physical and chemical indexes(pH value, conductivity, Ca^2+ and Mg^2+) of cave dripping water of the cave environment(air temperature and CO2 concentration in the cave) were compared and analyzed. The results show that:① the pH values of the dripping water in the Naduo cave and the nearby small cave are 7.8 and 8.2, respectively, the CO2 concentration in the Naduo cave in summer is 4~5 times higher than that of the small caves, indicating that the pH value of the dripping water in the cave of high stony desertification degree is higher than that of the cave of low stony desertification degree, while the CO2 concentration is the opposite.② The annual average temperature in the Naduo cave is 16.6 ℃, while the small cave is 13.0 ℃, indicating that the Naduo cave(low stony desertification degree) is better than the small caves(high stony desertification degree) in responding to the annual average temperature of 16.2 ℃ on the surface. In addition, the variation of cave temperature and dropping water conductivity in the cave of high stony desertification are larger than that of low stony desertification. ③ The average Ca^2+ variation range of dripping water in the Naduo cave and the nearby small caves are 38~75 mg/L and 30~53 mg/L, respectively, showing that there is a difference in response to the external environment of the cave dropping water Ca^2+ concentration in the different stony desertification level. The Ca^2+ concentration of the dropping water in the low stony desertification cave is relatively high. To some extent, the Ca^2+ of the dropping water can reflect the cave overlying vegetation, soil layer and rock layer thickness, and water-soil-rock reaction of the cave.

关 键 词：洞穴滴水 理化特征 石漠化 纳朵洞 贵州省 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]