基于数模计算的水电站调压室设置条件判别方法  

Judging method for setting hydroelectric station surge chambers based on the numerical simulation

作　　者：张婧镁 鞠小明[1,2] ZHANG Jing-mei;JU Xiao-ming(College of Water Conservancy&Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610065,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Development and Protection,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《人民长江》2019年第11期211-216,232,共7页Yangtze River

摘　　要：水电站调压室设计规范中,对是否需要设置调压室采用的判定依据是:引水系统的水流惯性时间常数值(T_w)是否小于2~4 s,再结合与机组惯性时间常数之比来研判。而在实际工作中,对于Tw介于2~4 s的水电站,设计人员难以判定是否需要设置调压室。为此,以四川省拉拉山水电站为例进行了计算研究。该水电站引水隧洞长仅为2.3 km,且Tw介于2~4 s之间,采用了瞬变流计算方法进行调压室设置与否的定量论证分析,并给出了电站调节保证计算和引水系统小波动稳定性计算方程及实例计算曲线。结果表明:系统的小波动稳定性较好,调节保证计算结果符合设计规范。该水电站设置调压室的论证过程和方法可为同类电站的设计提供借鉴和参考。According to the design code for surge chamber of hydropower stations, the setting condition of surge chamber is dependent on whether the flow inertia time constant of water diversion system is less than 2~4 seconds, and the ratio of flow inertia time constant to unit inertia time constant is also used as a reference. Nonetheless, it is difficult to identify the necessity of surge chamber if the flow inertia time constant is between 2 and 4 seconds in practice. For Lalashan hydroelectric station with 2.3 kilometers diversion tunnel and flow inertia time constant between 2 and 4 seconds in Sichuan Province, we introduces a quantitative methodology based on transient flow calculation to identify the necessity of surge chamber. The equation of guaranteed regulation calculation and the curve of small fluctuations stability are provided in this paper. Though comparative analysis, we confirm that the small fluctuations stability of the hydropower station with surge chamber is good and conforms to designing code. The research results can provide significant reference for design of the same type of hydropower station.

关 键 词：调压室 设置条件判别 调保计算 瞬变流计算 水流惯性时间常数 拉拉山水电站 

分 类 号：TV732.5[水利工程—水利水电工程]