石头河水库浮游生物群落结构及水生态评价  

Plankton Community Structure and Water Ecology Assessment in Shitouhe Reservoir, Shaanxi Province

作　　者：杨玉霞 沈强[2] 胡俊[2] 王文平 YANG Yu-xia;SHEN Qiang;HU Jun;WANG Wen-ping(The Yellow River Water Resources Protection Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450004,P.R.China;Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Project and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Shitouhe reservoir irrigation management bureau,Shannxi Province,Xianyang 712000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水资源保护科学研究院,郑州450004 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,武汉430079 [3]陕西省石头河水库灌溉管理局,咸阳712000

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2019年第6期24-29,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：中央分成水资源费项目(1261420145070)

摘　　要：调查石头河水库的浮游生物,评价水库水生态状况,为进一步保护水库水质、优化水源地管理提供科学依据。2014年4月在石头河水库设置6个采样点,调查浮游植物及浮游动物,利用浮游生物完整性(P-IBI)评价水生态健康状况,从水生生境、人类活动影响2方面评价生境状况。共采集到浮游植物6门59种(属)(其中硅藻门16属37种),平均密度20.86×10^4个/L、平均生物量0.936mg/L,膝曲裸藻在6个样点均为优势种;共采集到浮游动物34属42种(其中原生动物18种、轮虫16种),平均密度5107个/L、平均生物量162.56μg/L。6个采样点的P-IBI均大于4.34,水生态健康等级均为优;水生生境、人类活动影响评价等级均为优,生境状况优。石头河水库浮游生物优势种过于单一,建议加强水生生物监测。Shitouhe Reservoir,located in Shaanxi Province,is an important drinking water source.In this study,we carried out the first investigation of plankton community structure in Shitouhe Reservoir and evaluated the water ecology and habitat status based on the plankton index of biotic integrity(P-IBI)and habitat evaluation index.The aims of the study were to explore biological methods of assessing water quality in Shitouhe Reservoir and provide reference data for environmental monitoring,assessment and management of the drinking water source.In April 2014,plankton sampling was carried out at 6sites(Site 1-Site 6)from the dam to the backwater of the reservoir.A total of 59phytoplankton species from 6phyla were collected,with dominance by Bacillariophyta(37species,16genera)that accounted for 62.71%of the total plankton species.Phytoplankton density and biomass were in the ranges of 15.65×10^4-24.78×10^4 ind/L and 0.569-1.269mg/L,with average values of 20.86×10^4ind/L and 0.936mg/L.Phytoplankton density and biomass both gradually decreased from the backwater area to the dam.Euglena geniculate was the dominant species for the six sampling sites.A total of 42zooplankton species from 34genera were identified,dominated by protozoans(18species)and rotifers(16species).The average values of zooplankton density and biomass were 5107ind/L and 162.56mg/L.The P-IBI for the six sampling sites all exceeded 4.34,indicating that water ecology for the reservoir,as a whole,was excellent.The habitat status of Shitouhe Reservoir is generally good,based on the habitat evaluation index system reflecting the aquatic habitat and the effects of human activities.Furthermore,Euglena geniculate was the only dominant species during the investigation,indicating simplification of the plankton community structure and decreased ecosystem stability.We recommend increased monitoring of aquatic organisms to more closely track biodiversity and system resilience.

关 键 词：石头河水库 浮游生物 群落结构 水生态评价 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]