盐生植物碱蓬在富营养化海水养殖尾水修复中的应用  

Application of Halophyte Suaeda salsa in Remediation of Eutrophic Mariculture Tail Water

作　　者：王趁义[1] 郭炜超 杨娜 滕丽华[1] 赵欣园 胡杰 WANG Chen-yi;GUO Wei-chao;YANG Na;TENG Li-hua;ZHAO Xin-yuan;HU Jie(College of Biology and Environment,University of Zhejiang Wanli,Ningbo 315100,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院生物与环境学院

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2019年第6期81-85,共5页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：宁波市自然科学基金项目(2018A610286);宁波市科技惠民项目(2017C50010);浙江省“生物工程”一流学科自设课题(ZS2019008);浙江万里学院引进人才重点项目(1741000530);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810876047X)

摘　　要：为了考察盐地碱蓬(Suaeda sala)由内陆生境转移到海水生境后的生长情况及对海水养殖池塘水体修复的效果,配制了4种不同富营养化程度的水体,采用水培的方法,测定了碱蓬对水体中COD、BOD5、TN、TP的处理效果及植株体内试验前后TP、TN含量的变化。结果显示,随净化时间的延长,TN、TP均呈下降趋势,一周后TN浓度维持在1.5~3.0mg/L;随着水体中TP、TN浓度的增大,碱蓬的处理效果增加,且试验前后碱蓬植株体内TP、TN的含量也随水体中TP、TN浓度的增大而增加。随着净化时间的延长,不同程度富营养化水体中的COD、BOD5呈明显下降趋势。pH值在不同程度富营养化水体中呈先降后升的趋势,修复1周后,各水体均呈弱碱性。由于盐生植物吸收一定的盐离子维持自身的营养需要,水体盐度表现出下降。试验表明,盐地碱蓬从内陆生境转移到海水生境后,不但适应了水生环境,也通过根系吸收、根际微生物等作用方式对水中的氮、磷、COD等产生了良好的去除效果,盐地碱蓬修复海水养殖池塘水体具有良好潜力。The discharge of mariculture wastewater has led to serious ecological problems in coastal waters and restricted the sustainable and healthy development of mariculture.Halophytes,adapted to growing in saline conditions,have an obvious advantage for remediating mariculture wastewater.In this study,we investigated the growth of Suaeda salsa,transferred from inland habitat to seawater habitat,and its remediation effect on mariculture wastewater over a five-week period.Four synthetic eutrophic waters(GradeⅠ-Ⅳ)were prepared by adding NH4NO3,KH2PO4,C6H12O6and NaNO2at different ratios to seawater.The pH and salinity of the four solutions were adjusted to the same levels with NaOH and NaCl.Healthy Suaeda salsa(height:15cm,weight:2g)were acclimated in seawater for one week.Hydroponic cultures were then carried out in 500mL glass bottles at(25±2)℃and dissolved oxygen of 4.64-5.12mg/L.Each treatment was run in triplicate with five Suaeda salsa plants in each treatment,using seawater without plants as the control.Chemical oxygen demand(CODMn),five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorous(TP)were measured weekly in each treatment and the TP and TN content of plants were determined before and after the five week experiment.The content of TN and TP in each treatment decreased with time and,after one week,the concentration of TN was in the range 1.5-3.0mg/L.Removal of TN and TP by Suaeda salsaincreased with TP and TN concentration,as did the TP and TN content of Suaeda salsa.The COD and BOD5decreased markedly in all treatments.The pH initially decreased and then increased and,after one week,all treatments were weakly alkaline.The salinity for each treatment decreased due to absorption of salt by plants.Our results show that Suaeda salsa adapted well to the seawater environment and significantly reduced concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus and COD.Suaeda salsa has great potential for treating water in mariculture ponds and provides a new method for in situ purification and recycling of maric

关 键 词：碱蓬 植物修复 海水养殖尾水 富营养化 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学] X171.4[生物学—普通生物学]