优化施肥与肥料添加剂对盐碱地土壤理化性状、棉花产量及氮肥利用效率的影响  

Effects of Optimized Fertilization and Fertilizer Additives on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Cotton Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Saline Alkali Soil

作　　者：孙显旻 国艳春 曾路生[1] 李旭霖[1] 柳新伟[1] 宋祥云[1] 崔德杰[1] Sun Xianmin;Guo Yanchun;Zeng Lusheng;Li Xulin;Liu Xinwei;Song Xiangyun;Cui Dejie(College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2019年第11期92-96,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系棉花岗位创新团队(SDAIT-03-06);山东省重点研发计划项目(2017CXGC0303)

摘　　要：为探索优化施肥与肥料添加剂对盐碱地土壤理化性状、棉花产量及氮肥利用效率的影响,在东营滨海盐碱地采用大田小区试验,共设置7个处理,分别为对照(CK):不施肥;L:当地常规施肥;OAN:优化施肥+聚氨酸+NAM;OANB:优化施肥+聚氨酸+NAM+菌肥;OG:优化施肥+石膏;OA4:优化施肥+4%改良剂;OA5:优化施肥+5%改良剂。结果表明,在优化施肥基础上配合施用添加剂对盐碱地土壤养分有明显提高作用,其中以添加石膏或4%、5%改良剂对提高盐碱地土壤养分效果较好。与常规施肥相比,OG处理pH值降幅最大,达0.71个单位,降盐效果明显高于其它施肥处理;OAN、OANB、OG、OA4、OA5相较于常规施肥氮肥农学利用效率分别增加1.86、2.23、1.65、1.73、2.31倍;在本试验条件下添加5%改良剂对提高棉花产量效果较好。In order to explore the effects of fertilizer and fertilizer additives on soil physical and chemical properties,yield and nitrogen use efficiency in saline-alkali soil,the field plot test was adopted in the coastal saline land of Dongying,and 7 treatments were set as control(CK,no fertilization),L(local conventional fertilization),OAN(optimized fertilization+poly amino acid+NAM),OANB(optimized fertilization+poly amino acid+NAM+bacterial fertilizer),OG(optimized fertilization+gypsum),OA4(optimized fertilization+4%improver)and OA5(optimized fertilization+5%improver).The results showed that the soil nutrient in saline-alkali land was improved obviously by applying additives in combination with optimal fertilization,among which,adding gypsum or 4%,5%modifier had better effects on improving soil nutrients in saline-alkali land.Compared with conventional fertilization,the pH value of OG treatment decreased by 0.71 units,and the effect of reducing salt was significantly higher than that of other treatments.The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer of OAN,OANB,OG,OA4 and OA5 were 1.86,2.23,1.65,1.73 and 2.31 times higher than that of the conventional fertilization.It was better to increasing cotton yield by adding 5%improver in this experiment.

关 键 词：盐碱地改良 棉花 肥料添加剂 改良剂 

分 类 号：S562.062[农业科学—作物学]